Intro to Anthropology

Topics: Agriculture, Sociology, Natural environment Pages: 6 (710 words) Published: April 25, 2014
Student Name: Jessica Anderson________________________________Date:___10/18/2013_________________

Anthropology 101
Introduction to Cultural Anthropology
FALL Semester 2013
Online Course

Exam # 1 – October 14, 2013

Please circle Yes or No to the statements below (2 points each)

1.Do foragers have more “control” over their environment than horticulturalists?No 2.Is there an increase in “density” among the foragers vs agriculturalists?Yes 3.Is there an increase in “complexity” among horticulturalists?Yes 4. Are Pastoralists more “mobile” than agriculturalists?Yes

Multiple Choice: Circle the “letter” of the best answer. (2 points each)

1. Which social group uses advanced technology to grow crops? D a. industrialists
b. foragers (hunters/gatherers)
c. agriculturalists
d. horticulturalists

2. Which social group (s) organize their lives around the lives of their animals? C a. foragers (hunters/gatherers)
b. industrialists
c. pastoralists
d. a and c
e. all of the above

3. Which social group is on the constant move for subsistence? C a. horticulturalists
b. agriculturalists
c. foragers

4. The 4 sub-fields of anthropology are the following: D

a. culture, anthropology, social
b. language, art, imagery
c. symbolism, religion, ethnography
d. biological, linguistics, archaeology, cultural

5. Which lifestyle uses the slash/burn process to grow crops? C

a. Industrialists
b. Pastoralists
c. Horticulturalists
d. Foragers
e. Agriculturalists

5. Fill in the blank. The ideal crop for agriculturalists is grain. (2 points each)
In the Middle East it was? __Wheat or Barley_______________
In the Americas it was? __Maze_________________

In Asia it was? _______Rice_________

List the 3 types of animals the Pastoralist groups tend to herd. (1 point each)

1._______Cow_______________

2.______Goat________________

3.______Sheep________________

Horticulturalists are dependent upon 3 variables when planting crops for growth. (1 point each)

1.____Sun_________________________

2.____Water_________________________

3.______Soil_______________________

Please circle True or False for each statement below. (1 point each)

1. False Industrialism is about old tools and lack of advanced technology.

2. TrueHorticulturalists maintain pigs for ceremonial purposes.

3. FalseThe slash and burn process is utilized by most foragers.

4. True Foragers (hunters and gatherers) need to be very mobile and flexible in
order to hunt for food resources.

5. True Industrial societies are considered “engineered environments”.

6. FalsePastoralists seek animals that are sick and feeble.

7. False Agriculturalists do not use the “plow” to cultivate the land.

8. FalseForaging societies are typically comprised of 1,500 people.

9. True The purpose of building alliances with other social groups are to strengthen their ability to survive.

10. TrueMarriage is a social creation.

Short Answer: Please give a brief description for the following questions. ( 1 point each)

1. Describe the process used by the horticulturalists to fertilize the soil?

The slash/burn. After the burn clear out the under growth a layer of ash is left which fertilizes the soil.

2. What is an Egalitarian society kinship?

This appears to value social harmony more than wealth or status.

3. What is the purpose of pigs among the horticulturalists? (list all 3 purposes) (3 points)

Food resource, ceremonial food, and for a person wealth

4. Describe the meaning of “Culture”.

Culture is the characteristics of a particular group of people, defined by everything from language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts.

5. What challenges do the...
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