Immune System and Page Ref Essay Example

Pages: 37 (4435 words) Published: March 25, 2013
Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology, 9e (Marieb)
Chapter 12 The Lymphatic System and Body Defenses
Short Answer

Figure 12.1
Using Figure 12.1, identify the following:
1) A lymph capillary is indicated by letter __________.
Answer: D
Diff: 2

Page Ref: 404

2) A lymph node is indicated by letter __________.
Answer: B
Diff: 2

Page Ref: 404

3) The lymph duct is indicated by lettter __________.
Answer: A
Diff: 2

Page Ref: 404

4) Blood capillaries are indicated by letter __________.
Answer: E
Diff: 2

Page Ref: 404

5) Lymphatic collecting vessels are indicated by letter __________. Answer: C
Diff: 2

Page Ref: 404

1

Figure 12.2
Using Figure 12.2, identify the following:
6) The spleen is indicated by letter __________.
Answer: C
Diff: 1

Page Ref: 407

7) The tonsils are indicated by letter __________.
Answer: A
Diff: 1

Page Ref: 407

8) The thymus gland is indicated by letter __________.
Answer: B
Diff: 1

Page Ref: 407

9) The Peyer's patches are indicated by letter __________.
Answer: D
Diff: 1

Page Ref: 407

10) The lymphoid organ that destroys worn-out blood cells is indicated by letter __________. Answer: C
Diff: 2

Page Ref: 407

2

11) The lymphoid tissues that trap and remove bacteria that enter the throat are indicated by letter __________.
Answer: A
Diff: 2

Page Ref: 407-408

Fill in the blank or provide a short answer:
12) Lymph fluid and some plasma proteins originate (escape) from the _________ _. Answer: blood plasma
Diff: 2

Page Ref: 403-404

13) Excess accumulations of fluid, which impair the exchange of materials within the tissues, is called __________.
Answer: edema
Diff: 2

Page Ref: 403

14) The fibrous capsule of lymph nodes contains strands called __________ that divide the node into compartments.
Answer: trabeculae
Diff: 3

Page Ref: 406

15) Lymph exits the lymph node via the __________ vessels.
Answer: efferent lymphatic
Diff: 2

Page Ref: 406

16) The role of the __________ in the lymphatic system is to remove worn -out blood cells and return some of the products to the liver.
Answer: spleen
Diff: 2

Page Ref: 407

17) Peyer's patches and the tonsils are part of the collection of small lymphoid tissues that protect the upper respiratory and digestive tracts from infection and are referred to as __________.
Answer: MALT (mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue)
Diff: 3

Page Ref: 408

18) Harmful or disease-causing microorganisms from which nonspecific defenses protect the body are called __________.
Answer: pathogens
Diff: 1

Page Ref: 409

19) The process by which WBCs and phagocytes migrate to an area experiencing acute inflammation is called __________.
Answer: chemotaxis
Diff: 3

Page Ref: 411

20) The process by which neutrophils squeeze through capillary walls is called __________. Answer: diapedesis
Diff: 2

Page Ref: 412

3

21) The binding of complement proteins to certain sugar or proteins on a foreign cell's surf ace is called __________.
Answer: complement fixation
Diff: 3

Page Ref: 413

22) One effect of complement fixation that causes the cell membranes of foreign cells to become sticky so that they are easier to phagocytize is called __________. Answer: opsonization
Diff: 3

Page Ref: 413

23) Cells studded with protein molecules found on our own cells that do not trigger an immune response within us (but may within others) are called __________. Answer: self-antigens (autoantigens)

Diff: 1

Page Ref: 416

24) Troublesome small molecules or incomplete antigens that may mount an attack that is harmful rather than protective are called __________.
Answer: haptens
Diff: 3

Page Ref: 416

25) When an antigen binds to B cell surface receptors, it becomes sensitized (activated) and undergoes __________.
Answer: clonal selection
Diff: 3

Page Ref: 418

26) When B cells encounter antigens and produce antibodies against them, we...
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