ERIK ERIKSON THEORY
Erikson was a psychologist and psychoanalyst known for his theory on social development of human beings.
He was influenced by Sigmund Freud describing definite stages that children pass through.
Erik Erikson believed that every human being goes through a certain number of stages to reach his or her full development, theorizing eight stages that a human being goes through from birth to death. Erikson also believed that the environment in which a child lived was crucial to providing growth, adjustment, a source of self-awareness and identity. Each stage in Erikson's theory is concerned with becoming competent in an area of life. If the stage is handled well, the person will feel a sense of mastery, which is sometimes referred to as ego strength or ego quality. If the stage is managed poorly, the person will emerge with a sense of inadequacy.
Erikson's theory describes the impact of social experience across the whole lifespan in eight stages, but as we taking about children and young people so up to 5 stages cover that 0-19 year age group, so we talk about his first five stages:-
Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development
Stage
Age
Effect on Social And Emotional Development
Influence onChild Care
1
Infant Stage
0 - 1 Year
Basic Trust versus Mistrust
Optimism/Hope
The child's main relationship is with their mother. They need love and consistency of care in order to learn how to trust.
Babies should not be left to cry; they need to feel loved and that their needs will be met.
2
Toddler Stage
1 - 3 Years
Autonomy
versus
Shame and Doubt
Independence and Self-esteem/Will
The child's main relationship is with the parents. They need to be encouraged to be independent and to feel good about themselves.
Children should be encouraged to be independent and not made to feel ridiculous if they 'fail' in their efforts.
3
Preschool
3 - 6 Years
Initiative
versus
Guilt
Use of initiative/Purpose
The
He was influenced by Sigmund Freud describing definite stages that children pass through.
Erik Erikson believed that every human being goes through a certain number of stages to reach his or her full development, theorizing eight stages that a human being goes through from birth to death. Erikson also believed that the environment in which a child lived was crucial to providing growth, adjustment, a source of self-awareness and identity. Each stage in Erikson's theory is concerned with becoming competent in an area of life. If the stage is handled well, the person will feel a sense of mastery, which is sometimes referred to as ego strength or ego quality. If the stage is managed poorly, the person will emerge with a sense of inadequacy.
Erikson's theory describes the impact of social experience across the whole lifespan in eight stages, but as we taking about children and young people so up to 5 stages cover that 0-19 year age group, so we talk about his first five stages:-
Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development
Stage
Age
Effect on Social And Emotional Development
Influence onChild Care
1
Infant Stage
0 - 1 Year
Basic Trust versus Mistrust
Optimism/Hope
The child's main relationship is with their mother. They need love and consistency of care in order to learn how to trust.
Babies should not be left to cry; they need to feel loved and that their needs will be met.
2
Toddler Stage
1 - 3 Years
Autonomy
versus
Shame and Doubt
Independence and Self-esteem/Will
The child's main relationship is with the parents. They need to be encouraged to be independent and to feel good about themselves.
Children should be encouraged to be independent and not made to feel ridiculous if they 'fail' in their efforts.
3
Preschool
3 - 6 Years
Initiative
versus
Guilt
Use of initiative/Purpose
The