Endocrine System
Endocrine Maintains homeostasis. Ex. Growth rate, body temp, hunger feelings.
Hormone Chemical messenger, that secretes into blood by an endocrine gland.
Gland Secretes chemical substances used by the body
Exocrine gland Secretes chemical substances into a duct
Endocrine gland Ductless glands that secrete hormones
Target cell Cell on which the hormone exerts an effect
Affects of hormones Activation or inactivation of enzymes, stimulates mitosis, plasma membrane permeability change, synthesis of proteins or enzymes in the cell.
Hormone mechanisms Steroid or nonsteroid hormones
Steroid hormones Diffuse plasma membrane, enter nucleus, bind, synthesis of receptors, hormone receptor complex binds DNA, activates genes, proteins made.
Non steroid hormones Bind receptor on plasma membrane, starts series of reactioms that activates enzymes, enzyme catalyzes another reaction which produces a 2nd messenger, 2nd messenger elicits a response by the cell
Stimuli Hormones- most common, activated by other hormones.
Humoral- changes in blood levels of ioms and nutrients.
Neural- stimulated by nerve fibers.
Major endocrine glands Pituitary/hypothalamus, thyroid, para thyroid, adrenal, pineal, thymus pancreas, gonads.
Pituitary On the inferior surface of hypothalamus, master gland, it controls activity of many other glands, makes 6 hormones.
Tropic Stimulate target organs to secrete hormones
Pituitary hormones Growth, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic, thyrotropic, gonadotropic, FSH.
Prolactin Target: breasts effect: stimulates milk production.
Anterior lobe of pituitary
Adrenocortiotropic Regulates activity of cortex portion of adrenal gland.
Anterior lobe of pituitary
Thyrotropic TSH-thyroid stimulating hormone. Influences growth and activity of thyroid. Anterior lobe of pituitary
Gonadotropic Target: gonads
Effect: regulates hormone activity. Anterior lobe of pituitary
FSH Stimulates production of ovum and sperm. Anterior lobe of pituitary
Growth hormones
Hormone Chemical messenger, that secretes into blood by an endocrine gland.
Gland Secretes chemical substances used by the body
Exocrine gland Secretes chemical substances into a duct
Endocrine gland Ductless glands that secrete hormones
Target cell Cell on which the hormone exerts an effect
Affects of hormones Activation or inactivation of enzymes, stimulates mitosis, plasma membrane permeability change, synthesis of proteins or enzymes in the cell.
Hormone mechanisms Steroid or nonsteroid hormones
Steroid hormones Diffuse plasma membrane, enter nucleus, bind, synthesis of receptors, hormone receptor complex binds DNA, activates genes, proteins made.
Non steroid hormones Bind receptor on plasma membrane, starts series of reactioms that activates enzymes, enzyme catalyzes another reaction which produces a 2nd messenger, 2nd messenger elicits a response by the cell
Stimuli Hormones- most common, activated by other hormones.
Humoral- changes in blood levels of ioms and nutrients.
Neural- stimulated by nerve fibers.
Major endocrine glands Pituitary/hypothalamus, thyroid, para thyroid, adrenal, pineal, thymus pancreas, gonads.
Pituitary On the inferior surface of hypothalamus, master gland, it controls activity of many other glands, makes 6 hormones.
Tropic Stimulate target organs to secrete hormones
Pituitary hormones Growth, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic, thyrotropic, gonadotropic, FSH.
Prolactin Target: breasts effect: stimulates milk production.
Anterior lobe of pituitary
Adrenocortiotropic Regulates activity of cortex portion of adrenal gland.
Anterior lobe of pituitary
Thyrotropic TSH-thyroid stimulating hormone. Influences growth and activity of thyroid. Anterior lobe of pituitary
Gonadotropic Target: gonads
Effect: regulates hormone activity. Anterior lobe of pituitary
FSH Stimulates production of ovum and sperm. Anterior lobe of pituitary
Growth hormones