Data Communication and Networking
Ans: Topology of a network is defined as the geometric representation of the relationship of all the links and linking devices (node) to one another.Four basic topologies are star, bus, ring and mesh. Star – Here each device has a dedicated point to point link only to a central controller called hub. Bus -It is multipoint. One long cable acts as a backbone to link all the devices in the network. Ring -Here each device has a dedicated point to point connection only with the two devices on either side of it. Mesh -Here every device has a dedicated point to point link to every other device. 10. Define LAN, MAN and WAN. Ans: LAN- A local area network (LAN) is a privately owned and links the devices in a single office, building or campus. It allows resources to be shared between personal computers and work stations. MAN- A metropolitan-area network (MAN) spreads over an entire city. It may be wholly owned and operated by a private company, eg local telephone company. WAN – A wide area network (WAN) provides long distance transmission of data, voice, image and video information over large geographic areas that comprise a country, a continent or even whole world. 11.Define internet? Ans: It is a network of networks. 12.What is a protocol? Ans: It is a set of rules that governs data communication. A protocol defines what is communicated, how it is communicated, and when it is communicated. The key elements of protocol are syntax, semantics and timing. 13.What is TCP/IP protocol model? Ans: It is a five layered model which provides guidelines for the development of universally compatible networking protocols. The five layers are physical, data link, network, transport and application. 14.Describe the functions of five layers? Ans: Physical- It transmits raw bits over a medium. It provides mechanical and electrical specification. Data link- It organizes bits into frames. It provides hop to hop delivery. Network-It moves the packets from source to destination.It provide internetworking. Transport-It...
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