Criminal Justice Final Review
Final Study Guide
Define the different types of sentencing
Retribution: the purpose of retribution is actively to injure criminal offenders, ideally in proportion with their injuries to society, and so expiate them of guilt. An example of Retribution is the code of Hammurabi, which punishes by the theory of “An eye for an eye”.
Incapacitation: offenders are not rehabilitated. Criminals are put in jail not to teach them the consequence of their actions but to bring them under such an environment where they would not be able to engage in crime. Imprisonment incapacitates the prisoner by physically removing them from the society where they have committed the crime. Back-to-back life sentences, three-strikes sentencing, and other habitual offender laws are all examples of incapacitation.
Deterrence: Its primary goal is to discourage members of society from committing criminal acts out of fear of punishment. The most powerful deterrent would be a criminal justice system that guaranteed with certainty that all persons who broke the law would be apprehended, convicted, and punished, and would receive no personal benefit from their wrongdoing. Examples of the deterrence theory of sentencing is to torture the offenders and to sentence them to the death penalty.
Rehabilitation: Rehabilitating a prisoner refers to preparing him or her for a productive life upon release from prison. Examples of the rehabilitation theory of sentencing would be attending drug or alcohol rehab programs
Restoration: It seeks to focus on the harm done to persons and relationships rather than on the violation of a law. Beyond its philosophical framework, the restorative justice model includes a number of programs for addressing the needs of crime victims, the community, and offenders. Restorative justice programs include community service options for offenders, often with the input of crime victims; comprehensive victim services; and community advisory boards on crimes that address
Define the different types of sentencing
Retribution: the purpose of retribution is actively to injure criminal offenders, ideally in proportion with their injuries to society, and so expiate them of guilt. An example of Retribution is the code of Hammurabi, which punishes by the theory of “An eye for an eye”.
Incapacitation: offenders are not rehabilitated. Criminals are put in jail not to teach them the consequence of their actions but to bring them under such an environment where they would not be able to engage in crime. Imprisonment incapacitates the prisoner by physically removing them from the society where they have committed the crime. Back-to-back life sentences, three-strikes sentencing, and other habitual offender laws are all examples of incapacitation.
Deterrence: Its primary goal is to discourage members of society from committing criminal acts out of fear of punishment. The most powerful deterrent would be a criminal justice system that guaranteed with certainty that all persons who broke the law would be apprehended, convicted, and punished, and would receive no personal benefit from their wrongdoing. Examples of the deterrence theory of sentencing is to torture the offenders and to sentence them to the death penalty.
Rehabilitation: Rehabilitating a prisoner refers to preparing him or her for a productive life upon release from prison. Examples of the rehabilitation theory of sentencing would be attending drug or alcohol rehab programs
Restoration: It seeks to focus on the harm done to persons and relationships rather than on the violation of a law. Beyond its philosophical framework, the restorative justice model includes a number of programs for addressing the needs of crime victims, the community, and offenders. Restorative justice programs include community service options for offenders, often with the input of crime victims; comprehensive victim services; and community advisory boards on crimes that address