Cell structure and function
Chapter 3
Cell Structure and Function
Section 3.1:
Cell Theory:
Cells are the smallest building unit of living organisms that can carry out all processes required for life.
Almost all cells are too small to see without the aid of a Microscope.
Although glass lenses used to magnify images for hundreds of years, they were not enough to reveal individual cells.
The invention of Compound microscope was in the late 1500s by the Dutch eyeglass maker Zacharias Janssen.
In 1665, the English scientist Robert Hooke was the first to identify cells, and named them.
After long studies, the accumulated research can be summarized in the cell theory, which is considered as the first unifying concepts in biology. The Major principles of the Cell Theory:
1. All organisms are made of cells.
2. All existing cells are produced by other living cells.
3. The cell is the most basic unit of life.
Cell Types:
The variety of cell types found in living things is staggering; the human body alone is made of trillions of cells of many different shapes, sizes and functions.
Despite this variety, the cells in the body share many similar characters.
All cells are Microscopic in size, Composed of similar building blocks, and are enclosed by a membrane that controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell.
Within this membrane the cell is filled with Cytoplasm, and Organelles.
Organelles are structures specialized to perform distinct processes; mostly they are surrounded by a membrane, which take us to the first classification of Cells.
Prokaryotic Cells:
Is type of cells that Do not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound Organelles, the Cell’s DNA is suspended in the Cytoplasm. Most prokaryotes are microscopic single-celled organisms. E.g.: Bacteria.
Eukaryotic Cells:
Is type of cells that Have a nucleus and other membrane bound Organelles, The nucleus is the largest organelle where it encloses the genetic information (DNA), Eukaryotes may be Multi-cellular
Cell Structure and Function
Section 3.1:
Cell Theory:
Cells are the smallest building unit of living organisms that can carry out all processes required for life.
Almost all cells are too small to see without the aid of a Microscope.
Although glass lenses used to magnify images for hundreds of years, they were not enough to reveal individual cells.
The invention of Compound microscope was in the late 1500s by the Dutch eyeglass maker Zacharias Janssen.
In 1665, the English scientist Robert Hooke was the first to identify cells, and named them.
After long studies, the accumulated research can be summarized in the cell theory, which is considered as the first unifying concepts in biology. The Major principles of the Cell Theory:
1. All organisms are made of cells.
2. All existing cells are produced by other living cells.
3. The cell is the most basic unit of life.
Cell Types:
The variety of cell types found in living things is staggering; the human body alone is made of trillions of cells of many different shapes, sizes and functions.
Despite this variety, the cells in the body share many similar characters.
All cells are Microscopic in size, Composed of similar building blocks, and are enclosed by a membrane that controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell.
Within this membrane the cell is filled with Cytoplasm, and Organelles.
Organelles are structures specialized to perform distinct processes; mostly they are surrounded by a membrane, which take us to the first classification of Cells.
Prokaryotic Cells:
Is type of cells that Do not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound Organelles, the Cell’s DNA is suspended in the Cytoplasm. Most prokaryotes are microscopic single-celled organisms. E.g.: Bacteria.
Eukaryotic Cells:
Is type of cells that Have a nucleus and other membrane bound Organelles, The nucleus is the largest organelle where it encloses the genetic information (DNA), Eukaryotes may be Multi-cellular