Bones and Muscles
BioLab3 Bones and Muscles Summary Report
Student Name:
I. Skeletal system
A. Long Bone Structure
Define the following terms.
Bone
Organ of the skeletal system
Cartilage
Serves as a cushion
Ligament
Dense, regular connective tissue/bone to bone
Tendons
Dense, regular connective tissue/ bone to muscle
Osteocytes
Separated by an extracellular matrix hardened by deposits of calcium salts
Diaphysis
Long shaft of compact bone
Compact bone
Solid and dense, found on the surface of the femur
Central cavity
Yellow marrow
Made up of fat
Periosteum
Tough membrane made up of dense irregular connective tissue covering the outer surface of the bone
Epiphyses
Enlarged ends
Spongy bone
Lattice-like, resembles a sponge. Found on the inside of the femur
Red bone marrow Major site for blood cell production
Articular cartilage
Covers the epiphysis and helps to cushion joints
Epiphyseal disc
Layer of cartilage within the epiphysis. Site of bone elongation.
EXERCISE 1– Long bone structure
Identify the labeled parts of the long bone.
A.
Central cavity
B.
Compact bone
C.
Periosteum
D.
Yellow marrow
E.
Spongy bone containing red marrow
F.
Articular cartilage
G.
Epiphyseal disc
H.
Epiphyses
I.
diaphysis
J.
epiphyses
Which architectural form of bone tissue is harder per unit volume?
Compact bone, much harder
When comparing pieces of equal size, which from of bone tissue weighs less?
Spongy bone
B. Microscopic Bone Structure
Define the following terms.
Haversian canals
Brings blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerve fibers from the periosteum into the bone tissue
Lacunae
Small chambers
Canaliculi
Forma transportation network through the hard bone matrix connecting the osteocytes to the nutrient supply in the blood
Lamellae
Separate the rings of osteocytes
Haversian system
The structural unit of compact bone
EXERCISE 2 - Haversian system
Identify the
Student Name:
I. Skeletal system
A. Long Bone Structure
Define the following terms.
Bone
Organ of the skeletal system
Cartilage
Serves as a cushion
Ligament
Dense, regular connective tissue/bone to bone
Tendons
Dense, regular connective tissue/ bone to muscle
Osteocytes
Separated by an extracellular matrix hardened by deposits of calcium salts
Diaphysis
Long shaft of compact bone
Compact bone
Solid and dense, found on the surface of the femur
Central cavity
Yellow marrow
Made up of fat
Periosteum
Tough membrane made up of dense irregular connective tissue covering the outer surface of the bone
Epiphyses
Enlarged ends
Spongy bone
Lattice-like, resembles a sponge. Found on the inside of the femur
Red bone marrow Major site for blood cell production
Articular cartilage
Covers the epiphysis and helps to cushion joints
Epiphyseal disc
Layer of cartilage within the epiphysis. Site of bone elongation.
EXERCISE 1– Long bone structure
Identify the labeled parts of the long bone.
A.
Central cavity
B.
Compact bone
C.
Periosteum
D.
Yellow marrow
E.
Spongy bone containing red marrow
F.
Articular cartilage
G.
Epiphyseal disc
H.
Epiphyses
I.
diaphysis
J.
epiphyses
Which architectural form of bone tissue is harder per unit volume?
Compact bone, much harder
When comparing pieces of equal size, which from of bone tissue weighs less?
Spongy bone
B. Microscopic Bone Structure
Define the following terms.
Haversian canals
Brings blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerve fibers from the periosteum into the bone tissue
Lacunae
Small chambers
Canaliculi
Forma transportation network through the hard bone matrix connecting the osteocytes to the nutrient supply in the blood
Lamellae
Separate the rings of osteocytes
Haversian system
The structural unit of compact bone
EXERCISE 2 - Haversian system
Identify the