Biology gr 11 review
Unit One: Animal Structures and Functions, Answers to Review Questions
Respiratory System
1. Indicate the importance of gas exchange in all living organisms.
Respiration is gas exchange (Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide) with the external environment. All living things respire. Gas exchange is important so that cellular respiration can take place and energy can be made for the cells.
2. Distinguish among the terms cellular respiration, external respiration and internal respiration.
Cellular respiration is cells using oxygen in the reaction where glucose is converted into a chemical known as ATP (adenosine triphosphate). ATP is used to provide energy to the cell and carbon dioxide is a byproduct of cellular respiration. External respiration is air moving in through the nose or mouth and into the lungs, and oxygen diffusing out of the alveoli and into the capillaries. The alveoli wall is only one cell thick and the alveoli have a greater concentration of oxygen then the blood. The oxygen is bound on to the blood cells by the protein hemoglobin. Carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood and into the alveoli. Internal respiration is when oxygen is transported to the cells by the blood in the circulatory system. Oxygen is released from the red blood cells and diffuses into the body cells. Carbon dioxide diffuses into the blood from the cells.
3. Indicate the importance of external and internal respiration(and the respiratory system) to the process of cellular respiration.
External respiration brings in air through the external enviroment and diffuses oxygen into the blood cells. Internal respiration diffuses oxygen into the body cells. Cells use the oxygen in cellular respiration to make energy.
4. Identify the Structures of the human respiratory system and identify their functions.
Nasal cavity conducts air into hollow nasal passages, oral cavity conducts air into hollow nasal passages. The Nasal passages contain thin
Respiratory System
1. Indicate the importance of gas exchange in all living organisms.
Respiration is gas exchange (Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide) with the external environment. All living things respire. Gas exchange is important so that cellular respiration can take place and energy can be made for the cells.
2. Distinguish among the terms cellular respiration, external respiration and internal respiration.
Cellular respiration is cells using oxygen in the reaction where glucose is converted into a chemical known as ATP (adenosine triphosphate). ATP is used to provide energy to the cell and carbon dioxide is a byproduct of cellular respiration. External respiration is air moving in through the nose or mouth and into the lungs, and oxygen diffusing out of the alveoli and into the capillaries. The alveoli wall is only one cell thick and the alveoli have a greater concentration of oxygen then the blood. The oxygen is bound on to the blood cells by the protein hemoglobin. Carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood and into the alveoli. Internal respiration is when oxygen is transported to the cells by the blood in the circulatory system. Oxygen is released from the red blood cells and diffuses into the body cells. Carbon dioxide diffuses into the blood from the cells.
3. Indicate the importance of external and internal respiration(and the respiratory system) to the process of cellular respiration.
External respiration brings in air through the external enviroment and diffuses oxygen into the blood cells. Internal respiration diffuses oxygen into the body cells. Cells use the oxygen in cellular respiration to make energy.
4. Identify the Structures of the human respiratory system and identify their functions.
Nasal cavity conducts air into hollow nasal passages, oral cavity conducts air into hollow nasal passages. The Nasal passages contain thin