Anatomy and Physiology
BIOS256 Week 2 LAB EXERCISE
Introduction to Chemical Digestion Directions:
a. Click the Contents button.
b. Open the Digestive System File.
c. Click Animations.
d. Click Introduction to Chemical Digestion.
Introduction
1. Explain the function of chemical digestion. The function is to break down food, using enzymes and other digestive chemicals to reduce food into particle nutrients molecules that be absorbed and move it through the digestive tract.
Digestive Chemicals
2. What is the general function of digestive enzymes? Do most of the works in chemical digestion
3. Identify other chemicals needed for digestion.
a. Water c. Bile
b. Gastric acid d. Bicarbonate
4. Hydrolysis is the breakdown of larger molecules to form smaller molecules. Water molecules are used in this process.
a. Define substrate. When water and enzyme are used to break down a large nutrient molecule
b. Define products. Is the result of break down into small molecules
5. Analyze the reaction shown.
a. Identify the enzyme. Dipeptidase
b. Identify the substrate. Dipeptide
c. Identify the products. Amino Acids
6. As you have just seen, water molecules are important to hydrolytic reactions critical to digestion. Describe other critical water uses.
Liquefaction and Transport: digestive foodstuffs down the tract
Secretion Transport: from accessory digestive organs to gastrointestinal tract
Nutrient Absorption: helps absorption of the nutrients
7. The stomach produces hydrochloric acid. How is HCl critical to the following?
Pepsin (a gastric enzyme): because this gastric acid helps with the production of pepsin
Proteins: this gastric acid helps in the destruction of microbial protein
8. Describe the following regarding bile.
Source (organ): Liver
Molecular structure: bile salts produced from cholesterol and water
Primary function: is emulsification of fatty globules
Introduction to Chemical Digestion Directions:
a. Click the Contents button.
b. Open the Digestive System File.
c. Click Animations.
d. Click Introduction to Chemical Digestion.
Introduction
1. Explain the function of chemical digestion. The function is to break down food, using enzymes and other digestive chemicals to reduce food into particle nutrients molecules that be absorbed and move it through the digestive tract.
Digestive Chemicals
2. What is the general function of digestive enzymes? Do most of the works in chemical digestion
3. Identify other chemicals needed for digestion.
a. Water c. Bile
b. Gastric acid d. Bicarbonate
4. Hydrolysis is the breakdown of larger molecules to form smaller molecules. Water molecules are used in this process.
a. Define substrate. When water and enzyme are used to break down a large nutrient molecule
b. Define products. Is the result of break down into small molecules
5. Analyze the reaction shown.
a. Identify the enzyme. Dipeptidase
b. Identify the substrate. Dipeptide
c. Identify the products. Amino Acids
6. As you have just seen, water molecules are important to hydrolytic reactions critical to digestion. Describe other critical water uses.
Liquefaction and Transport: digestive foodstuffs down the tract
Secretion Transport: from accessory digestive organs to gastrointestinal tract
Nutrient Absorption: helps absorption of the nutrients
7. The stomach produces hydrochloric acid. How is HCl critical to the following?
Pepsin (a gastric enzyme): because this gastric acid helps with the production of pepsin
Proteins: this gastric acid helps in the destruction of microbial protein
8. Describe the following regarding bile.
Source (organ): Liver
Molecular structure: bile salts produced from cholesterol and water
Primary function: is emulsification of fatty globules