b. The City records the following revenues (on account) and other financing sources (paid in cash)…
Identify the main users of financial reports, explaining to what use(s) they may put such reports. To what extent is there a conflict between different uses? How far are these conflicts resolved in a single set of annual accounts?…
Hence, a view has been adopted by the regulators that users of financial statements should have a certain level of knowledge, and when accounting standards are being developed, this level of knowledge is assumed. In defence of this position, we could probably argue that if such an assumption was not made then the development of accounting standards would be much more difficult and time consuming given that the standard-setters would need to consider how uninformed users might react to the particular standards. The position adopted is also consistent with other professions which also typically assume a certain level of expertise when developing guidance for their professions’ members (however, we need to be careful with justifications like this—just because others do a…
3. (Q. 7 in B) $3,000 is deposited into an account paying 10 percent annually, to…
Accounting standard-setters have an expectation that the readers of general purpose financial reports have a ‘reasonable knowledge’ of accounting. Specifically, the IASB Framework states that ‘users are expected to have a reasonable knowledge of business and economic activities and accounting and a willingness to study the information with reasonable diligence’. Hence, there is an expectation that financial statements are not tailored to meet the needs of people who have not, in some way, studied financial accounting.…
Relevant accounting information is considered an important quality characteristic in some countries. Generally speaking, whether a set of information is relevant, it will depend on its predictive value, feedback value and timeliness. If a message can help users predict the results of future events, then this information has predictive value, the user can predict the likely outcome, to make the best choice. The predictive value of information could change the decision-making, so it is an important factor of relevance. If a message can make the user confirm or correct prediction of actual results over the past feedback to decision makers, compared with the…
On July 1, 2010, Rossillon Company issued $4,000,000 face value, 8%, 10-year bonds at $3,501,514.This price resulted in an effective-interest rate of 10% on the bonds Rossill on uses the effective-interest method to amortize bond premium or discount. The bonds pay semiannual interest July 1 and January 1.…
Identify the main and sub-characteristics of useful information to users: • • • Identify and explain the four main characteristics of useful information to users, namely; relevance, reliability, ‘understandability’ and comparability. Identify and explain the sub-characteristics of the four main characteristics. Explain the twelve traditional accounting concepts and their relationship to the framework characteristics – going concern, accruals or matching, realisation, consistency, prudence, business entity, duality, monetary measurement, objectivity, historical cost, materiality, and separate valuation. Be able to give an example of the use of each, for example the matching principle requires expenses not consumed in the generation of revenue to be treated as prepayments. Distinguish between capital income and expenditure and revenue income and expenditure. Give examples of each of the above and state how they should be treated in financial statements, e.g. as assets, liabilities, expenses or…
ABSTRACT: This group report contains a simple descriptive analysis on the Earning Management and Quality of Accounting information for users. Business, Investments, Profit & Loss these words are so much related when we say Accounting. In doing business it’s important to keep the records for different purposes i.e. decision making, attracting investors. However, managers often try to do some engineering with the accounting information. Earnings management is a strategy used by the management of a company to deliberately manipulate the company's earnings so that the figures match a pre-determined target. This practice is carried out for the purpose of income smoothing. To make the report trustworthy, it’s the responsibility of managers to maintain certain qualities & standards. The Financial Accounting Standards Advisory Board (FASB) establishes and maintains generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) that set forth the qualities and standards of accounting information. Unless a company’s accounting records meet GAAP standards, an auditor cannot certify the company’s records.…
8-13 PART 1 SOLUTIONS TO THE EXCEL BASED EXERCISES ARE ALSO AVAILABLE IN EXCEL ON…
Financial information should possess a number of qualitative characteristics in order to meet the needs of users of financial statements. There are, however, a number of issues that surround the qualitative characteristics of financial information. The threshold quality of materiality is not easy to define and can be misunderstood. Similarly, the concept of prudence is not clear-cut and can conflict with neutrality. In addition, relevance and reliability can be conflicting targets and a trade-off needs to be made between the two.…
EXERCISE 16-13 (15–25 minutes) 1/1/14 No entry (total compensation cost is HK$450,000) 12/31/14 Compensation Expense 225,000 Share Premium—Share Options (HK$450,000 X 1/2) 225,000 12/31/15 Compensation Expense 225,000 Share Premium—Share Options 225,000 5/1/16 Cash (9,000 X HK$20) 180,000 Share Premium—Share Options 405,000* Share Capital—Ordinary (9,000 X HK$5)…
The general purpose financial reports can also be a mean that the management and governing bodies use to discharge their accountability to those users. To meet the purpose of the Accounting Concepts and Accounting Standards about adequate disclosure of information to users of the general purpose financial report, it is important that the entities that should report are required to report. Additionally to make sure that the general purpose financial reports are developed rationally and efficiently, it is also important that entities that do not need to report are not required to…
Usefulness is the basic objective of financial accounting, according to the AASB s Statement of Accounting Concepts and Conceptual Framework. This essay discusses the theoretical principles and accounting rules underpinning financial reporting practices within the IFRS environment. Following the implementation of the International Financial Reporting Standards in 2005, many additional disclosure requirements were imposed on organisations which have proven to be costly and of little benefit to some organisations. Australia s new differential reporting framework is aimed at relieving these organisations of some of the disclosure requirements whilst remaining consistent with the basic objective. The purpose of this essay is to evaluate the objective of financial reports from a users and preparers perspective with particular reference to Australia s new differential financial reporting framework. Findings are that the qualitative characteristics that have evolved over time play an important role in determining the meaning of usefulness and that the differential financial reporting framework will have both positive and negative impacts on users and preparers of financial reports.…
1. The qualitative characteristics of relevance, reliability and comparability identified in the IASB’s Framework for the preparation and presentation of financial statements (Framework) are some of the attributes that make financial information useful to the various users of financial statements.…