Preview

A Faithful Servant: the Ambition and Power of Thomas Wolsey

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
860 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
A Faithful Servant: the Ambition and Power of Thomas Wolsey
During the beginning of Henry VIII reign, the young and inexperienced new king was content with letting his father’s advisers continue to govern the realm from the security of the council. As Henry wasn’t interested in the responsibilities, namely regarding the political aspects and hard work that went into being the king, he let most of the trials and tribulations fall upon these selected councilmen, until one minister came to dominate over the rest. The Archbishop of York, Thomas, Cardinal Wolsey (1473-1530) seemed to take over when the members of Henry’s council began to retire or die off. This rise to power that the cardinal was experiencing, as well as his new found friendship with the king eventually lead to his very dramatic fall from grace due to the actions regarding the King’s Great Matter not suiting his position with the church. The Great Cardinal came from very humble beginnings in comparison to some of his counterparts. A son of a butcher and cattle dealer from Ipswich Suffolk, Wolsey secured a spot at Oxford on a poor boy’s scholarship. It was there that the young Wolsey decided to devote his life to God and joined the church. Due to his striking intelligence and organizational skills, Thomas moved up in ranks of the church rather quickly, starting as a chaplain with the archbishop of Canterbury, and then beginning the reign as royal almoner to King Henry VII. This newfound position gave Wolsey a seat on the Privy Council, which gave him an opportunity to show his driving ambition for power and his industrious nature to the king. When Henry VII succeeded his father in 1509, Wolsey continued his life at court and quickly outgrew his position as royal almoner. After very successful military campaigns in France, which garnered Henry the glory of defeating a powerful opponent as well as French land lead 1512-1514, the faithful servant was rewarded with leading these successful escapades with the title of Archbishop of York in 1514, as a way of Henry


Bibliography: English History, 1485-1714. Eds. Newton Key and Robert Bucholz. 2d. ed. Chichester: Riley-Blackwell, 2009. P. 41. “Articles against Cardinal Wolsey, signed by the Lords (December 1, 1529).” In Sources and Debates in English History, 1485-1714. Pp. 39-40 “Cardinal Wolsey’s Report to Henry VIII on Proceedings in Star Chamber (ca In Sources and Debates in English History, 1485-1714. Pp. 37. “John Skelton, “Why Come Ye Not to Court?” (written 1522, pub. 1568).” In Sources and Debates in English History, 1485-1714 “Venetian Ambassador Sebastian Giustiniani’s Report on Cardinal Wolsey (September 10, 1519).” In Sources and Debates in English History, 1485-1714

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Wolsey’s foreign policy during this period was also successful because he managed to adapt to the changing situation in Europe thus keeping England in a position of relative strength. For example after Charles V’s victory over Francis I at Pavia in 1525 Charles V turned down Henry 8th’s idea to split France between them. Instead of doing nothing Wolsey formed an alliance with France in August 1525 therefore changing sides and this led to the League of Cognac in May 1526 where there was a diplomatic revolution against Charles V from England, France, the Pope, Venice, Milan and Florence. This proves not only that Wolsey wanted to maintain peace in Europe and keep the balance of power but also that he was able to gain support from European powers and increase England’s standing in Europe.…

    • 635 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Source 4, an extract from Scarisbrick ‘Henry VIII,’ gives the impression that Henry gave all power to Wolsey, whilst he “hunted and jousted.” Cavendish then states how the king had “surrendered the cares of the state into the Cardinal’s hands.” This gives the impression that Wolsey had the powers of the king and was in charge of running the country efficiently. This is supported by source 6, where Henry asks Wolsey to watch some of the key nobility as well as “any others of whom you are superior.” This is clearly Henry giving Wolsey freedom to act as he wishes, thus suggesting power being given to Wolsey. Additional evidence of Wolsey’s power, especially over the nobility, can be seen in his work in the Star Chamber where he often imprisoned nobles. In one instance, Wolsey ordered Sir Paulet Angus [named needs to be verified] to follow him for five years in return for the humiliation suffered by Wolsey earlier on in his career. This presents the Cardinal as a powerful figure i8n the government, who could act freely from the king.…

    • 707 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Do you agree with the view that in the years 1515-1525 Henry VIII wholly surrendered power in government to Cardinal Wolsey?…

    • 902 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Another success was the foreign policies flexibility despite England and the King having such low income and money. This is shown in source N by “Failed to bring great gains to the country, but it did thrust the country into a major role which that its wealth and population scarcely justified and made hard to sustain.” This source also implies Wolsey’s aim was to serve the king and maintain Henry’s honour and influence despite it being argued that Wolsey was a self interested diplomat and constantly craved for his achievements to be recognised so he would be known as ‘the great peacemaker’ across Europe.…

    • 785 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    7. nnocent Annulling the Magna Carta from The Letters of Pope Innocent III (1198-1216), Concerning England and Wales edited and translated by Christopher R. Cheney and Mary G. Cheney, (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1967), pp. 212-16…

    • 2243 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Source A also states, in agreement to the suggestion that Henry and Wolsey conducted an effective foreign policy in the years 1515-30, that “Wolsey had a good reason to think that they had been very successful” as “Henry knew that he was internationally regarded as a figure of splendid chivalric kingship” which were “increased by events such as those at the field of cloth in 1520” the…

    • 768 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Thomas Wolsey was Henry VIII chief minister from his rise to power in 1514 after working himself up until his eventual fall from the king’s favour in 1529. During the time period where Wolsey contained his power he made many changes to England’s domestic policies. For this reason I do not accept the view of source V that Wolsey’s domestic policies were completely disappointing.…

    • 275 Words
    • 1 Page
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Wolsey was Henry VIII’s chief minister for 15 years and it’s fair to say that historians have, in general, been disappointed with his lack of achievement in the area of domestic affairs. Most argue that he devoted far too much of his time to foreign policy in order to establish, and then further boost his own personal power and increase his income, implying that more of his time should have been allocated to reforming social and economic policy and using his vast intelligence to improve the way government operated in England at the time. However there was very little contemporary discontent with the way the country was being run in the first place. So perhaps these expectations are anachronistically minded as the vast majority expected very little from the government; Rather than radical change in the systems of government they expected a maintaining of law and order along with an upholding of the power the Crown and Church held. Domestic achievements were never going to influence the status and prestige of England nearly as much as foreign politics, and as long as Henry craved foreign glory it was to be Wolsey’s focus. On the other hand though, certain efficiency in tax collection was needed to fund the adventurous foreign policies Wolsey needed to impose and of course stability in government was needed for diplomatic success. Not to mention the character of the man himself, he was unlikely to not want involvement in all political matters in government, whether foreign or otherwise. This natural zealous could go down as the reason for one of Wolsey’s key failing [in domestic policy] in that he took on far too much in terms of cases in the Court of the Star Chamber and failed to finish plans for reform.…

    • 2577 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    All three sources only partly agree that Woley’s rise to power was a result of luck. Source C seems to suggest that the rise of power was due to luck, within the source it tells us that one of Wolsey’s main critics, Surrey, was too old to argue against him and his son too young to do so also. Warham has retired and therefore a position of power has opened up because of this Wolsey can now manoeuver his friends into other positions of power to help him, therefore this would suggest that Wolsey at this time had a lot of fortune on his side. Although within all these sources, luck may not remain the main theme it reoccurs throughout each, whether small or large. Source D reflects that’s Wolsey had a fortunate place with the King as Henry was easily bribed with gifts ‘beautifully fashioned dish, a jewel, or gifts of that sort’. Wolsey’s had his very own biographer which was his first servant and hence this creates a bias account as the information Cavendish will be collecting will be from Wolsey and this could be twisted into unreliable information, although most points also have element of Wolsey’s skilfulness it could be argued that King Henry simply favoured Wolsey, or that it was Wolsey’s personality rather than his skill that made the king acceptant of him.…

    • 1050 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Henry the VIII wanted to end his marriage to Catherine of Aragon in 1527 with using an annulment, this was then Wolsey’s job to provide what the king wanted. Due to Wolsey’s constant victories, he was able to sustain power for 15 years, outlasting the King‘s other advisers. Yet his fall was swift and dramatic, which came after his failure of obtaining Henry’s divorce from Catherine of Aragon. In regards to this, it seems clear that this is the reason why Wolsey fell from power, yet there are possible contributing factors that must take into consideration. For instance Wolsey’s failure sometimes was out of his control as Queen Catherine was Charles V’s aunt so he would never accept the annulment in fear of hear being humiliated. Charles also had captured Pope Clement this meant that all decisions would have been controlled and manipulated to Charles’ will, delaying the annulment even more. Another failure that was out of Wolsey’s control was the role of factions within the court, Anne Boleyn and her family…

    • 992 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Thomas Wolsey was unquestionably the main source of all authority over English government between 1515 and 1529 because of how it was he who actually put forward many different policies and reforms. Wolsey had at this point already impressed Henry VIII with the way he organised the successful expeditions and invasions of France and Scotland in 1513. He had also been promoted to the Archbishop of York and Tournai, and arranged the marriage of King Louis XII Mary Tudor in Étaples. This gave Wolsey a lot of grounding and credentials pre-1515, already making him a fairly influential figure. However, between 1515 and 1529, he definitely was the main source of all authority; whist acknowledging the fact that he was a minister, and not a monarch (i.e. he stuck to the legal mechanisms that confined him, and instead manipulated them), he was able to centralise power at Westminster towards himself. He established the Tudor subsidy. Wolsey was able to act as a bridge between Henry and the papacy, through him being a legate a latere, as well as through how he defended the Church’s rights. In the later years, he actually asked Henry to consult the pope about sanctuary. Despite the fact that he refused, him being able to ‘challenge’ the King in such a manner…

    • 1083 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Anne Boleyn’s influence other Henry was certainly significant; she manipulated and seduced him, as well as succeeding in introducing him to the idea of Erastian kingship and Protestantism. Undoubtedly, her influence was one of the catalysts for the Reformation. Source 4 not only suggests the cause of enmity between Wolsey and Anne, but hints at the power Anne had over the King, thus indicating she might have been responsible for his downfall. It is a letter from Anne herself, accusing Wolsey of ‘betray[ing]’ her, and only ‘pretend[ing] to support [her] interest’ ‘to discover the secrets of [her] heart’, after the court led by Campeggio referred its decision the Curia at Rome. Moreover, through writing ‘the King still less’ she is speaking on Henry’s behalf, thus showing her influence over him, and the fact she had a greater influence over him than Wolsey. Source 5 supports this view point; the very fact Wolsey appeals to Anne to regain good grace indicates the power even he believed she had over the King. Moreover, it shows how Anne refused to use that power and, again suggesting enmity between them. The fact that no one spoke on Wolsey’s behalf ‘for fear of Madame Anne’s displeasure’ indicates Anne’s influence and high status at Court.…

    • 508 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The Catholic Church was steeped in traditional thinking in regards to religion as well as life. They felt that no one was above the church and that to say otherwise was blasphemy. It was for this view that the church stopped supporting humanism. They felt that it was putting too much emphasis on man and not enough on God. (Mark Kishlansky, 2008) The views of the Catholic Church became more radical as they began their witch hunt making it policy for the “rectors of the Church and those who communicate the people are enjoined to take the utmost care when they communicate women that the mouth shall be well open and the tongue thrust…

    • 874 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    There are many different opinions regarding whether Wolsey was seen more as a partner to Henry than a servant. Whilst source 7 agrees with this, suggesting that not only did Wolsey have equal power to that of Henry, but he also had the wealth and mannerism of a king too. Source 8 however contradicts this, and suggests that Wolsey was purely a servant to the king. As everything Wolsey did went through Henry first, it is seen here that Wolsey had no power at all, a relied heavily on pleasing the king in order to keep his statutory role as cardinal. This suggests that Wolsey could have been in fact fearful of Henry, showing an entirely more servant relationship and completely contradicting that of source 7. It is important when analysing the sources, establishing the differences between how other people perceived the relationship between Wolsey and the king, and how the king actually perceived it.…

    • 965 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays