Preview

Wrongful Convictions Research Paper

Better Essays
Open Document
Open Document
2617 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Wrongful Convictions Research Paper
Are Current Eyewitness Identification Procedures Leading to Wrongful Convictions?

Research Proposal
The United States criminal justice system prides itself on being fair and just. Even if it is one of the best systems in existence, it is not flawless. Wrongful convictions continue to occur despite existing safeguards aimed at limiting wrongful convictions. According to the Global Registry of Claims of Innocence, approximately 15% of inmates claim to be innocent nationwide (2014). Based on exoneration rates, of the 15% claiming innocence between one and five percent of inmates are truly innocent (Global Registry of Claims of Innocence, 2014). Several factors prevent wrongfully convicted individuals from proving his or
…show more content…
Results from the researchers questionnaire sent to exonerated individuals, Innocence Project attorneys, and incarcerated inmates claiming innocence will be analyzed thoroughly based off the information of the individual’s charges, sentence served, reasons they were wrongfully convicted, key evidence that reversed the initial charges, and reasons that made it difficult for inmates to have access to post-conviction procedures. Feedback from the Innocence Project attorneys and incarcerated but claiming innocent inmates will also be analyzed. These results will be compared and put together for an explanation regarding the reasons that lead to wrongful convictions. Results leading to inaccurate eyewitness identification as the top reason that leads toward wrongful conviction and poor development of eyewitness identification procedures would confirm the hypothesis. However, if results showed otherwise, with inaccurate eyewitness identification as not the most common element and statistics show eyewitness identification procedures are frequently developed and improved, this type of result will disconfirm the researchers …show more content…
The likelihood behind eyewitnesses coming forward to testify (Circle one) Very A Little Moderately Most Extremely Unlikely Unlikely Likely Likely Likely 1 2 3 4 5

How fearful are witnesses when they are asked to testify during a serious offense? (Circle one)

Extremely Mostly Somewhat Slightly Not at All Afraid Afraid Afraid Afraid Afraid 1 2 3 4 5

How often does you program receive threats/ bribes by outside entities to not pursue an exoneration case? (Circle one) Every About About Once or Twice Never Don’t Know Day Weekly Monthly year 1 2 3 4 5 6
How often individuals/clients have have been exonerated in your state due to your services? (Circle one) Extremely Mostly Somewhat Slightly Not at All Often often often often 1 2 3 4 5
(Circle the closest answer)
a. How likely do cases you take on involve police corruption?

Very A Little Moderately Most Never Unlikely Unlikely Likely Likely 1 2 3 4 5

b. How many times does your company render it services? Every About About Once or Twice Day Weekly Monthly yearly Never Don’t Know 1 2 3 4 5 6

Please answer the following with actual statistical data and/or sentence

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Satisfactory Essays

    Bus 173 Ajm

    • 751 Words
    • 4 Pages

    a) Construct cross tables from the smoothies data file – gender and level of health consciousness…

    • 751 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Unit 6 Assignment

    • 836 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Since you are a District Attorney, there are certain things that you can do to prevent wrongful convictions from happening. Earlier I talked about antiquated forensic testing leading to inaccurate…

    • 836 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Bedau and Radelet, as described Thistlethwaite and Wooldredge (2010) spent several years categorizing instances of capital defendants convicted on the basis of mistakes gross physical facts. Bedau and Radelet conservatively concluded by the end of their study, from 1900 to 1985, three innocent people per every two years have been executed in capital cases. Specifically, one person is convicted per year, per in capital crime – African-Americans were widely over-represented in the study. The authors also recognize the American criminal justice system is not designed to correct errors once they are discovered. Exonerating convicted defendants is a relatively small number and can take years to identify and…

    • 509 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    In Brandon L. Garrett's book, Convicting the Innocent: Where Criminal Prosecutions Go Wrong, he makes it very clear how wrongful convictions occur and how these people have spent many years in prison for crimes they never committed. Garrett presents 250 cases of innocent people who were convicted wrongfully because the prosecutors opposed testing the DNA of those convicted. Garrett provided simple statistics such as graphs, percentages, and charts to help the reader understand just how great of an impact this was.…

    • 955 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Since 1992, almost three hundred people in the United States have been exonerated by the Innocence Project. What this means is that almost three hundred people have been acquitted for a crime that they were falsely convicted of committing and were then released back into society. Many of these false convictions were the result of a lack of technology back in the time of the trials which lead to unvalidated or improper use of forensic science. Some additional reasons that people are wrongfully convicted are misidentifications from eyewitnesses and false confessions. In this paper, I plan to write about Kenneth Ireland. His story shows how wrongful convictions and exonerations are issues in the United States.…

    • 1763 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    In society it is substantially common for people to be exonerated for a crime they did not commit. Unfortunately it is even more common for that to happen when they are incarcerated due to inaccurate eyewitness testimonies. Eyewitness research has demonstrated that there are a multitude of ways to conduct identification processes, however, the processes that police often use today are more likely to encourage inaccurate identification. In addition there have been many case studies of exonerated people that show the downfalls of eyewitness testimony. Wrongful incarceration has consistently demonstrated that inaccurate identification carries a big weight when it comes to wrongful identification, in fact, in the article Contamination of Eyewitness Self-Reports and Mistaken-Identification Problem by Laura Smalarz and Gary L. Wells, they state that there is an average of thirty three percent of witnesses who make an identification from a lineup identify a known innocent filler. There is a lot of thought behind the processes of identification but there are so many variables that can taint a subject’s confidence.…

    • 1411 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Miranda Decision Case

    • 275 Words
    • 2 Pages

    In NC, for example the percentage of those who confessed after their interrogation from 49 % before Miranda to 16 % after(Cassell,1998). Those criminals that are caught and question, as the questioning goes on, they deny to respond any longer and ask for an attorney.…

    • 275 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Better Essays

    The innocence project and forensic science are two forms that can help determine who the actual preparatory was and can help people who have been wrongly convicted in a crime he/she did not commit. In many cases the forensic such as DNA, blood sample, or semen and other evidence that have been lost or even wrongly tested can end up becoming a big mistake that can send someone to jail that did not commit the crime. In the article, Forensic Problems and Wrongfully Convictions (2009) states that, the most wrongful convictions involve more than one contributing cases, for example, if an eyewitness may have wrongly identified an innocent person, and in the same case a forensic analyst may have testified that hairs from the crime scene match the defendant’s hair. In the jury’s eyes, the eyewitness testimony is strengthened by the forensic evidence (Forensic Problems and Wrongfully Convictions, 2009). Not always the eye witnesses are right with what they say so having the right forensic evidence can help with determine who is actually the perpetrator. Such as this case were the eyewitness was not so good and also a lot of the evidence was miss communicated.…

    • 1479 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Eyewitness testimony has been used frequently over time in various situations. It sometimes holds more merit then some facts or evidence. Yet it is also the reason why many innocent people go to jail and criminals still walk free. Eyewitness testimony has been used for over 100 years. It has played a major part in convicting criminals, from the common thief to the most dangerous murderer. However, with the time between incident and testimony or even report can vary drastically, the quality of eyewitness testimony wasn 't really recognized as an issue until the 1970 's. With plenty of unsolved crimes and not enough evidence eyewitness testimony was all that was needed. Now with psychologists holding scientific studies to see if it is reliable;…

    • 2876 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    The technique while effective against guilty suspects have a tendency to elicit false confessions from innocent suspects. The Reid technique is applied the same way for both adults and juvenile suspects. However, based on the low maturity level of juvenile offenders they are more likely to wrongfully implicate themselves in criminal activities that they did not have any part of. Confessions carries a lot of weight in a court proceeding, as suspects are often convicted without any physical or corroborating evidence. It was not until recent years that a prevalence of wrongful convictions through false confession was noticed. Wrongfully convicted people spend many years in prison before they were exonerated by DNA evidence. Furthermore, contrary to popular beliefs, numerous studies found that innocent suspects do provide investigators with false incriminating…

    • 1927 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    While it is important to understand the causes of wrongful convictions, there are gaps related to the research on each of the specific contributing factors in exoneration cases as well as the total number of…

    • 157 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    False Confessions

    • 676 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Leo, PH.D., J.D. and Brittany Liu, B.A, two hundred and sixty-four jury-eligible students from a large university in southern California completed a study. Some categories of interrogation tactics were Accusation/re-accusation, challenging denials, Confrontation with true evidence of guilt, Confrontation with false evidence of guilt, promises of leniency and Threats/use of harm. With a mean age of 19.78 years, 64% male and all from different backgrounds who were either victims of a crime or been on a jury themselves agreed that “For false confessions, threats of harm were believed to be more likely to elicit a false confession than all other tactics.”. (What do potential jurors know about police interrogation techniques and false confessions? Page 388 Lines 15-17) Participations in the study acknowledged that interrogation techniques can be psychosocially coercive, but believed that the techniques are not likely to cause a false confession. When a confession is supported with information from expert witnesses, jurors are able to put emotions aside and use their intuition to come up with an idea of whether the confession was coercive or…

    • 676 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    American judges tend to presume that a defendant who has confessed is guilty and come out accordingly, treat him more punitively. Conditioned to disbelieve defendants' claims' of innocence or people misconduct, judges rarely to suppress confessions, even highly questionable ones" (Leo,…

    • 1123 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Researchers on mass incarceration reveals that more than 2.2 million individuals are currently incarcerated in United States correctional facilities and in the past forty years, has increased 500% (Rakoff 2015). However, with an imperfect criminal justice, there are innocent individuals being convicted within the United States criminal justice system everyday. A plethora of research has been conducted on offenders, ex-offenders, as well has victims. Sociologically, exonerations are uncharted territory as the data pool is a minute population for analysis. According to the Innocence Project, there have been 330 post-conviction DNA exonerations in the United States. An increasing number of exonerations are due to the evolution of DNA testing. Project data reveals that 34 of the 329, which is 10 percent of the DNA-based exonerees were arrested as minors. 32 out of that 34, which is 94 percent are people of color. More specifically, 30 of them (88%) are black. Even though some were as young as 14 when the crime occurred, all were tried in adult court. The are disproportionate figures that continue to grow deeper. Of the 83 DNA-based exonerees who were arrested when they were younger than 21, 70 (84%) are people of color; 62 (75%) are…

    • 687 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Wrongful conviction can be described as a miscarriage of justice or an unfair decision in a court of law. It is important to identify wrongful convictions and find ways to reduce or eliminate the causes. We need to free the wrongly prosecuted through DNA testing and help…

    • 1347 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays