Wound Healing: A Case Study

Professional tattoos causes the breakage of the skin, triggering the automatic response of wound healing. Otherwise the standard removal of ink using laser can produce scars depending on the depth of the colour. Scarring tissue heavily involves fibroblasts and the specialised myofibroblast role is to replace the ECM components. The scarring and aging of the skin results in increase friction and declined mechanical properties-compression, tension and elasticity (Richard Wong). Wound healing can be described as a ‘sophistically regulated process that involves inflammation, new tissue formation and remodelling’ (Nyman 2015).
Similarly to Ketova, (Ref: Grant 2012) made usage of the indentation function of the AFM, but this time comparing normal
The ink attached to the surface in clumps of 200-500nm. A MTT test also undertook to test the cytotoxicity on cells, figure 10b shows the cell population decreased for both filtered with particle size ranging 30-600 nm and unfiltered ink 40-970nm, a larger decrease in cell numbers for filtered ink signifying singular tattoo nanoparticles has a negative effect on the cells. Similar test on fibroblast was taken by Biolip 27 ink also showed a similar trend, it showed a reduction of fibroblast by 47% after a MTT test was taken ruminating the ink as toxic. After 72 hours treatment the surface was covered in particles and remained firmly attached after 96 hours, the background free of particles portraying specific adhesion to fibroblast. (mirella). Both results showed that the insertion of ink could lead to fibroblast death (Grant 2015, mirella falconi). The size of the particle had an effect on the death as it was noted that higher number of fibroblast with filtered ink inserted died compared to
One should be careful which pigments are inserted in to their body. Pigment Red 22 is banned in cosmetics in Europe because of carcinogenic amides produced as side-products and due to the solubility the risks of cancer are high (ref extraction of tattoo pigments). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAH are organic bonded with benzene rings (ref Ki-Hyun Kim), has been reported to be found in black ink which is concerning since they are related to carcinogenicity and mutagenicity (End note Karin Lehner, Wolfgang B). this is important to review as an animal experiment had proven that ink is a third of 1.5 mg of tattoo pigment penetrated in to the skin disappeared within a few weeks (wolfgang