Why Is Cancer The Leading Cause Of Death?

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world. In the US, half of men and one-third of women develop cancer throughout their lifetime (Sudhakar). That means that most of the people reading this essay have or had a family member that has developed cancer. Even though cancer is the leading cause of death around the world, many people have developed treatments to treat the disease. Common types of treatments for cancer are chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and surgery. Surgery is the most interesting because the surgeons have to be very precise, if they do not cut enough of the tumor they risk it growing back but if they cut too much they may take away healthy tissue. There are three surgeons who are known for their precision and skill during an operation and have helped develop cancer surgery. They are John Hunter, Astley Cooper, and John Warren. Cancer surgery has developed due to variations based on cancer, new medicine, and improved technology. Advances in medicine, improvements in technology and procedures based on specific cancers have combined to make surgery an effective treatment for cancer.
In recent years humans have made numerous
“Olaparib acts as an inhibitor of the enzyme poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), which is involved in the repair of damaged DNA, it explains. By blocking this enzyme, DNA inside the cancerous cells with damaged BRCA genes may be less likely to be repaired, leading to cell death and possibly a slowdown or stoppage of tumor growth” (Chustecka). Olaparib helps before surgery by containing the cancerous cells in a specific location, that will be easier to remove. The drug is useful because it allows the surgeon to remove a smaller portion from the patient. Olaparib currently is only used for patients with breast cancer. Olaparib has improved cancer surgery because it demonstrates a new way to make surgery much