1995 and 1999 was found to be the result of Wal-Mart’s drive for low prices. Warren Buffett, the famous investor, noted that the retailer has “contributed more to the financial well-being of the American public than any institution I can think of.” His own back-of-the-envelope calculation of this contribution: $10 billion a year. Wal-Mart’s effect has been evident in other countries where it has significant presence. In Canada, where the chain has 213 stores, footwear and clothing prices actually dropped by almost a full percent in 2002.
On the other hand, nations that have failed to perform the critical role of retailing as it should be performed will ultimately have to adopt a strong retail sector to improve their populations’ well-being. One of the reasons the Eastern European countries experienced such a low rate of economic growth when they were under Communist control was their lack of a retail structure. Interestingly, when Amway, Toys “R” Us, Pizza Hut, and McDonald’s opened for business in these countries, they became instant successes. The joy and