What Does Creswell Say About The Ethics Of Data Collection Summary

Prompt #1 What does Creswell say about the ethics of data collection? Compare and contrast that with the ethics of data collection one might encounter in the fields of intelligence, counter-terrorism, and protection.

Within the study of the social sciences, qualitative research requires data collection that is both accurate and collected in an ethical manner. The forms of data collection are generally grouped into four basic categories, although new forms are emerging over time, such as journals, blogs, e-mail, and video.1 These four forms, as defined by John W. Creswell in his authored text Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Traditions, are interviews, observations, documents, and audiovisual materials.2 Challenges
3 Within the Nuremberg Code, principles outlined include the concept of voluntary consent, avoidance of unnecessary suffering, research termination if harm might occur, and the pursuit of research should be for the good of society. 4 One of the biggest ethical challenges in data collection is the concept of voluntary or ?informed consent?. As specified by ?The Belmont Report? produced in 1979, Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research by The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research, the informed consent process consists of three elements that allow a subject to ?choose what shall or shall not happen to them? during the research process.5 These core elements consist of information, comprehension and voluntariness. The information aspect of informed consent establishes disclosure of the type of research administered, ultimate goals of such research, and provides an opportunity for the subject to self withdraw
The program known as the Human Terrain System (HTS) was launched in February of 2007 and incorporates the embedding of anthropologists and sociologists with military teams in both countries.16 The American Anthropological Association (AAA) released a statement in 2007 opposing anthropologists engaging in HTS because of concern that performing such research will result in the violation of the AAA code of ethics as well as threaten the safety of the researchers and their subjects.17 Anthropology professor David Matsuda, from East Bay campus of California State University, is participating in the program as a member of a Human Terrain Team (HTT) and states that "There's been a knee-jerk reaction in the anthropology community, that you've been co-opted, that you're a warmonger, like you're clubbing baby seals or something. I came here to save lives, to make friends out of enemies." 18 Ultimately, the military claims that HTTs are being utilized ?to improve the understanding of the local population and [to] apply this understanding to the Military Decision-Making Process (MDMP).?19 Whatever the benefit of such relationships, the AAA and other academics have not embraced the military project and they challenge the ethics of embedded anthropologists. It should be noted that there is a