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Western Civilization Analysis

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Western Civilization Analysis
Early states were controlled by the king, who “exercise a measure of control over society, and defended external enemies (p. 75-76).
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The Norte Chico civilization was based on a fishing industry, very different from the Sumerian and Egyptian Empires perhaps because of the location (p. 64). Rulers accumulated power, and had the ability to bestow a force upon someone, one reason or another unlike the chiefdoms who only had “persuasion, prestige, and gifts to back up their authority” (p.76).
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Although the great cities were long forgotten until they were rediscovered in the 20th century by archaeologists, their religious symbols and rituals were preserved and remained into the present (p. 66). Another example is in the Oxus civilization (2200
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to 3000 B.C.E.) like the Sumerian Empire or the Egyptian civilization (p. 60-61). Through the Urban Revolution, cities became the essential building block, it specializes in various fields of the economy. Cities included crucial structures, whether it’s political capitals or markets or manufactured goods in factories (p. 70). While the upper-class were flourished with great wealth, and avoided the pain of physical labor, commoners, which make up most of the First Civilization’s society, received horrible punishments and treatment (p. 71). Gender differences affected the interactions between women/men and their daily lives. Women both seek protection and control of men, staying in their houses and caring for children while men acted as “rulers, warriors, scholars” etc (p. 73).
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During the Zhou Dynasty(1046-771 B.C.E.), an idea developed, it said that the Chinese Emperor is the Son of Heaven, and will be kept that way as long as he “governed with benevolence and maintained social harmony with his people”(p. 66). First Civilizations soon created ideas suggesting that class and gender inequality were normal and passed down by gods (p. 76). The invention of writing was really powerful both good and bad to Rulers because writing was a key point to social and political conflict (p.

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