Preview

Week 2 PSY 280

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1387 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Week 2 PSY 280
Human growth and development theories
Theories were established in learning the dynamic aspects of human growth and development. Human growth refers to the physical aspects that occur as human life exist from the start of conception to the end of life. It can be quantified and measured through an individual’s physiological attributes such as the height, weight, dental progression, and bone structure. Development pertains to the stages and characteristics describing the complexity of cognitive skills and social skills being established by an individual as they age from their conception or fetal stage and matures into adulthood. Theories of development were created from different school of thoughts that are products from processes of methodological thinking in providing a basis of intellectual arguments to address the questions regarding human behaviors and actions through age, contact to other individuals, experiences and situations, and their environment. Cognitive theory argues that the cognitive ability, an individual’s way to think are as they physiologically matures and has chances to interact in their environment. In Bae article (1999), Jean Piaget is mentioned as a leading theorist behind this thinking. Piaget theorized that babies are curious and thoughtful, generating their own schema about their world. Cognitive theory according to Piaget explains how people think changes with time and experiences, including an individual’s thinking that influences their individual’s actions. Piaget presented that individuals interaction to the repeated stimulus are in a stage of equilibrium of accommodation and assimilation cycles, when a new stimulus is, the state is into disequilibrium. As the individual adds new knowledge and understand new stimulation, he or she adapts or accommodates and adjust or assimilate to once again return into a state of equilibrium. These cycle as Piaget presented is how an individual learns and introduced it into four stages from birth

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Four major theories of human development are described, compared, and evaluated in Chapter 1. These are the psychoanalytic theories of Freud and Erikson; the behaviorism of Watson and Skinner and the social learning theory of Bandura; Piaget’s cognitive theory; and systems theories, including Bronfenbrenner’s ecological-systems approach and the dynamic-systems theory. Although each theory is too restricted to account solely for the tremendous diversity in human development, each has made an important contribution to developmental psychology.…

    • 532 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Jean Piaget

    • 1558 Words
    • 7 Pages

    The cognitive development theory is Jean Piaget’s attempt to explain how the human mind develops. A common description of Piaget’s view of the mind is that it is, an active biological system that (uses) environmental information to fit with or adjust to its own existing mental structures, (Adelani, Behle, Leftwich, and White, 1990). Now, to describe how this biological system develops, Piaget breaks the development process down into three main components: schemes, assimilation and accommodation, and the stage model of cognitive growth. Schemes, are the structures or…

    • 1558 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Piaget in the Classroom

    • 1327 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Based upon his detailed observational studies, Piaget theorized that early cognitive development involved processes based upon actions and later progresses into changes in mental operations. ‘Piaget viewed cognitive development as a progressive reorganization of mental processes as a result of biological maturation and environmental experience’ (McLeod, 2009). Some of the key concepts of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development include schemas which describe both the mental and physical actions involved in understanding and knowing, schemas include both a category of knowledge and the process of obtaining that knowledge. As experiences happen, this new information is used to modify, add, or to change previously existing schemas. The process of taking in new information into our previously existing schemas is known as assimilation.* Accommodation involves altering or changing our existing schemas in light of new information. New schemas may also be developed during this process.…

    • 1327 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Piaget Observation

    • 1505 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Piaget believed that human development involves a series of stages and during each stage new abilities are gained which prepare the individual for the succeeding stages. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the differences between two stages in Piaget's Cognitive Development Theory—the preoperational stage and concrete operational stage. Cognitive development refers to how a person constructs thought processes to gain understanding of his or her world through the interaction of genetic and learned factors. The development of new cognitive structures (mental maps or schemas) will be a result of the individual's ability to adapt through mental processes such as assimilation and accommodation and gain intelligence doing so. This involves an on-going attempt to achieve equilibrium, which is a mental balance between cognitive schemes and information from the environment. An experiment was done on three subjects (children) of varying age to explain the transition between the two stages and to determine whether they fit into Piaget's theory according the way they answer the questions during the experiment. Piaget states that this transition is the development of logical thought processes, which are demonstrated by one's ability to conserve, think operationally and understand the concept of reversibility. During the preoperational stage (ages 2-7 years), according to Piaget's theory, one would expect to find that a child's thought is based on perceptual cues and that the child is unaware of contradictory statements. Characteristics include: language & symbol development, egocentrism, irreversibility, ability to think transductively, and classification of single properties. The preoperational stage also includes two substages: preconceptual stage (ages 2-4) and intuitive stage (ages 5-7), where the intuitive stage is usually where transitional characteristics into the next stage are…

    • 1505 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The patriarch of cognitive theory was Jean Piaget(1896-1980). Piaget was a biologist, who became interested in human thinking while working to evaluate the results of child intelligence tests. As Piaget worked he noted the correlation between the child's age and the type of error they made. Intrigued by the discovery that certain errors occurred predictably at certain age, he began to focus his time and energy to the further investigation of his findings. Starting with his children and moving on to other students, Piaget developed what is known as the Cognitive theory, a behaviorism theory which emphasizes the structure and development of thought processes. The theory says that thoughts and expectations have a direct affect on beliefs, attitudes, values, assumptions, and actions. Cognitive theory was the utmost studied theory in the later decades of the twentieth century. The theory consists of four main stages of development.…

    • 886 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    Theories of Development

    • 1194 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Jean Piaget’s theory was that children learn through experience and how they change their perception of things based on what they have learned or experienced. They learn things at different ages and stages of their lives. As children experience new things they adjust their thinking and beliefs. Piaget believed that children’s thinking is different to the way of adults but their intelligence is the same. Piaget’s theory influences current practice by helping us understand how children learn through experience using role play and real scenarios.…

    • 1194 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Normative Development

    • 2751 Words
    • 12 Pages

    The changes and continuities of human development are examined across three broad areas. These are the physical growth of the body, organs and motor skills; the cognitive abilities such as language, perception and memory; and the psychosocial development, which includes social interactions, personality traits and identity (Sigelman & Rider, 2006).…

    • 2751 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Working Memory Analysis

    • 965 Words
    • 4 Pages

    In Chapter 10 I will discuss human development across the human life span. “Developmental psychology is the branch of psychology concerned with interaction between physical and psychological processes and with stages of growth from conception throughout the entire life span.” (Gerrig 298) The stages within a life span begin in the prenatal stage; the age period begins at birth and continues into infancy that is the first 18 months. The last stage is late adulthood and the age period is between 65 and…

    • 965 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Nature Nurture Debate

    • 2687 Words
    • 11 Pages

    According to Piaget children are born with very basic mental structure that is genetically inherited on which all learning and knowledge is based also he believed that Children construct an understanding of the world around them, then experience discrepancies between what they already know and what they discover in their environment. Through studying the field of education Piaget focused on accommodation and assimilation. Assimilation is one of the two processes coined by Jean Paget, it describes how humans perceive and adapt to new information. He believed that there were four stages of the cognitive development these were sensorimotor stage, Preoperational stage, Concrete operational stage, Formal operational stage. Piaget wanted to find out the four-stage model that children go through as they develop complex reasoning skills, he done an experiment with kids were he wanted to see children’s concepts of amounts, speeds and height. Children start out in the sensorimotor stage, which lasts until they’re roughly 2; they don’t understand what objects are and don’t know if their hand is their own. From the age of 2-7 children start to recognise different objects and symbols for example they are able to draw various shapes. At the age of…

    • 2687 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Jean Piaget was very interested in how children think and at what point in their development their thinking shifts. Piaget focused his theories around the cognitive development of people beginning in the early stages of their development. His observations and consequent stages of development first began with the observations of his own children. His theory concluded that each child progresses through four stages in their mental development. In the process of growing and progressing through the various stages, both assimilation and accommodation will occur, according to Piaget.…

    • 943 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    When a child existing schemas are capable of explaining what it can perceive around It come from the equilibrium of the brain and it state the cognitive balance. Piaget believe that the cognitive development did not process at a steady rate. Piaget was interested of how children thinks and how they learn. Piaget used his three children’s to study the infancy to adolescence to carry out his investigation. When Piaget talk about the development of a person’s mental process, he was referring to increase in the number and complexity of the schemata that a person had learned. The assumption is that we all store these mental representation that apply to what we humans…

    • 1947 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Lalala

    • 344 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Cognitive development is a field of study in neuroscience and psychology focusing on a child's development in terms of information processing, conceptual resources, perceptual skill, language learning, and other aspects of brain development and cognitive psychology compared to an adult's point of view. In other words, cognitive development is the emergence of the ability to think and understand. [1] A large portion of research has gone into understanding how a child imagines the world. Jean Piaget was a major force in the discovering of this field study, forming his "theory of cognitive development". Piaget had four stages of cognitive development which consisted of the following : Sensorimotor, preoperational,concrete operational and formal operational.[2] Many of his theoretical claims have since fallen out of favor. However, his description of the tendencies of cognitive development (e.g., that it moves from being dependent on actions and perception in infancy to understanding of the more observable aspects of reality in childhood to capturing the underlying abstract rules and principles in adolescence) is generally still accepted today. Besides, many of the phenomena that he discovered, such as object permanence in infancy and the conservations in school age children, attract the interest of current researchers. In recent years, alternative models have been advanced, including the neo-Piagetian theories of cognitive development, which aim to integrate Piaget's ideas that stood the test of time with more recent theorizing and methods in developmental and cognitive science.…

    • 344 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Best Essays

    Development in Psychology

    • 3191 Words
    • 13 Pages

    To begin, one must be aware that there are three different ways in which development occurs; physical, cognitive, and psychosocial. Physical development adheres to development concerning strength, speed, coordination, traits, and other characteristics. Physical appearance and development is determined by the passing of genes from parents to child and “Physical development includes the biological changes evident during puberty and is also concerned with variables related to health and illness” (Mossler, 2011). Physical development also includes the term maturation – which refers to the course of development. Cognitive development involves thinking, language, intelligence, problem solving abilities, memory and eventually the ability to plan for the future. Last but not least, psychosocial development pertains to that of personality, social interaction, understanding of emotion, identity, self-control and other self concepts, like self esteem. Moral behavior and styles of attachment also occurs during this domain of development. It is these three stages that one must consider not only separately, but together as well. There are many theories that are centered around development that looks into how some of these entities play a…

    • 3191 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Many disciplines have attempted to look at human development from different prospectives.These disciplines have tried to explain using theory and sometimes models and experimen based explanation using observations to back up discussion of their work…

    • 502 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Psy 220 Week 1

    • 369 Words
    • 3 Pages

    To begin the first week, read Ch. 1 & 2 of the textbook. Chapter 1 will provide an introduction to the basic ideas and principles behind positive psychology.…

    • 369 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays