Catheter Acquired Urinary Tract Infections
Catheter acquired urinary tract infection is one of the most common acquired nosocomial infections (Nicolle, 2008). According to Newman (2010), they constitute 40% of all hospital-acquired infections, and 80% of these infections are attributable to indwelling urethral catheter (IUC) use. The incidence of bacteriuria is 3%–10% per catheter day (Furfari & Wald, 2008). Catheter-associated infections have harmful outcomes, including catheter or stent obstruction caused by biofilm formation, which usually requires removal and reinsertion of the device. Urinary catheters also cause other health issues, such as trauma to the bladder and urethral mucosa,