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Urban Tourism

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Urban Tourism
Impacts of Urban Tourism: A Case Study of Cape Town

Introduction

For many countries, tourism is regarded as a new activity. It is becoming one of the most crucial social and economic activities. The increase in the demand for urban tourism or tourism in cities has occurred over the last few decades (Paskeleva-Shapira, 2003).However, the literature on urban tourism is still relatively new (Tyler, Guerrier, and Robertson, 1998; Timur and Getz, 2008).

Urbanisation is a global process. It is defined by Johnston (1981, P.363) as ‘a process by which: first, an increasing proportion of an area’s population become concentrated in its statistically defined urban places.’ It is a vital force leading to ‘development of towns and cities, where people live, work and shop’ (Page, 1997: p.112). Urban tourism development since the late 1970s has brought about an industrially based to an informational technology based (Page and Hall, 2003). Through the process of urbanization places, tourism in urban environments has not contributed to a significant urban tourism development (Ashwood, 1992), however, urban tourism itself has yields both positive and negative impacts for the city and its population.

Discussed in the paper is to understand both positive and negative impacts of urban tourism in terms of economic, socio-cultural as well as environmental that impacts Cape Town, one of the most rapidly growing cities in the Republic of South Africa.

Impacts of Urban Tourism: A Case Study of Cape Town

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The tourism of The Republic of South Africa has drastically been popular for foreign visitors. One of its most famous cities is Cape Town which is situated on the southwestern tip of continent and at an oceanic divide. The city is the capital of the Western Cape. It is voted fifth in the BBC television list of ‘fifty places to see before you die’ and was also voted as best African/Middle East destination (Pirie, 2007). The city is expected



Bibliography: Allen G. and BrennanF. (2004). Tourism in the New South Africa: Socail Resposibility and the Tourist Experience, I.B. Tauris, London. Ashworth, G. (1992). ‘Is there an urban tourism?’, Tourism Recreation Research, 17(2), pp.3-8. Cape Town Convention Bureau 2004, 1999-2003: Trends & Outlook Cape Town. Datamonitor (2008), Country Analysis Report, Cape Town: South Africa. Dieke, P. (2003). Tourism in Africa’s economic development: policy implications, Management Decision, 41(3), pp. 287-295. Gilbert, D. and Clarke, M. (1997). An exploratory examination of urban tourism impact, with reference to residents attitudes, in the cities of Canterbury and Guildford, Tourism Recreation Research, 14(6), pp. 343-352. Hall, C.M. and Lew, A. (eds) (1998). Sustainable Tourism Development: Geographical Perspectives, Harlow, Longman. Inskeep, E. (1991). Tourism Planning: An Integrated and Sustainable Development Approach, Chichester: John Wiley& Sons, Inc. Johnston, R.J. (1981). ‘Urbanisation’ in R. Johnston, D. Gregory, P. Haggett, D. Smith, and D. Stoddard (eds) The Dictionary of Human Geography, Oxford, Blackwell, 363-364. Law, C.M. (1993). Urban Tourism: Attracting Visitors to Large Cities, London:Mansell. Mathieson, A. and Wall, G. (1982). Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts, London, Longman. Murphy, P. (1985). Tourism: A Community Approach, London, Methuen. Parlett, G., Fletcher, J., and Cooper, C., (1995). The impact of tourism on the old town of Edinburgh, Tourism Management, 16(5), 355-360. Paskeleva-Shapira, K. (2001). "Promoting partnership for effective governance of sustainable urban tourism", paper presented at the INTA International Seminar Tourism in the City “ Opportunity for Regeneration and Development?, Turin, February, . Page, S.J., (1997). ‘Urban tourism: analyzing and evaluating the tourist experience’, in Ryan, C. (ed.) The Tourist Experience: A New Introduction: Castell, p.112-136. Page, S. and Hall, C.M. (2003). Managing urban tourism, Prentice Hall, London. Pirie, G. (2007) ‘ Urban Tourism in Cape Town’ in Rogerson, C.M. and Visser, G. (ed.)Urban Tourism in the Development World: The South African Experience:London, Transaction Publishers, p.223-244. Timur, S., and Getz, D. (2008). A network perspective on managing stakeholders for sustainable urban tourism, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 20(4), pp.445-461. Tyler, D., Guerrier, Y., and Robertson, M. (1998). Managing Tourism in Cities: Policy, Process and Practice. John Wiley& Son, West Sussex. White, P.E. (1974). The Social Impact of Tourism on Host Industry Communities: A Study of Language Change in Switzerland, Research Paper No.9, Oxford, School of Geography, Oxford University. Young, G (1973) Tourism: Blessing or Blight? Penguin Books, Harmondsworth.

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