Unit 7 Lab 2

Christina Cash
Anatomy and Physiology 2
Unit 7 Lab 2: Urine formation and urinalysis
Due: 02/09/15

1. Describe the process of filtration, including the factors that tend to pull filtrate back into the blood.
The process of filtration is the movement of water and dissolved materials from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure; blood cells and other cells too large to be filtered out are left in the blood

2. Describe the process of tubular reabsorption that occurs in the proximal and distal convoluted tubules, loop of Henle, and collecting ducts.
Sodium and water is reabsorbed by way of tubular reabsorption in the proximal and distal convoluted tubules. The loop of Henle occurs between the tubules. Reabsorption is important in order to keep fluids at the right osmolality.

3. Discuss the physiology of urine formation, including physical characteristics and chemical composition.
The act of voiding the urinary bladder is micturition. Normal urine color is pale to a dark yellow. The odor of urine is usually described as a “nutty” smell although different foods can have an impact on what urine can smell like. If urine smells sweet that is a possible sign of diabetes. The urine contains 95% water and 5% solutes like electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride, and other ions), urea, creatinine, uric acid and metabolic end products

4. Differentiate between the various conditions and diseases affecting the urinary system.
Different diseases affecting the urinary system include, diabetes insipidus, renal failure, kidney stones, urinary tract infection, pyuria, hematuria, glucosuria, ketonuria.