In this series of laboratory experiments, my lab partner and I were to conduct an experiment about the oxidation rate of the enzyme peroxidase in the presence of its substrate guiacol. Also we used other substrates, such as hydroxylamine an enzyme inhibitor, to observe the weather the reaction rate was slowed down, sped up, or stopped reactions all together. These results were recorded by taking the materials in a test tube, then inserting them into a spectrophotometer to record the oxidation (intensity of color change from clear to reddish-brown) over a course of two minutes to observe color change. After all of the experiments that we ran we could conclude the enzyme oxidation rate (mmoles/min) depending on the amount of each product that was used in a single cubit test tube.…
What might you have used in the above experiment in order to see a visible color change in the solution? At what pH would the solution have been neutral?…
In this lab the peroxidase enzyme is tested in a dormant avocado seed as well as an avocado seed undergoing the process of germination. A gas pressure will be used to test the seeds and see if the peroxidase enzyme is present in either of the seeds.…
7. Allow the tubes to stand for 5 minutes, with occasional shaking. Observe and record any colour change to the solution in each tube, and the time it takes for any to change colour within the 5 minutes.…
For Figure 3, the rate of peroxidase activity greatly increased from the first to second pH, increasing .7 (AU/sec), while the second to third pH increased only .1. On the other hand, the third to final pH decreased, just like the temperature chart (Figure 2) .45 rate of activity.…
Enzymes are biological catalysts. They work by lowering the activation energy needed to initiate a chemical reaction. Enzymes work within an optimal temperature and optimal pH. Enzymes are highly specific for a single substrate. The Enzyme is usually much larger in size than the substrate it binds to. In some cases, an enzyme requires something called a cofactor to begin the chemical reaction. There were four different experiments that were executed in the enzyme lab. Experiment 7.1, the first experiment, was performed to test the effect of temperature on enzymatic activity. Based on what I know about the effect of temperature on the enzymatic activity of lactase, if the lactase used in today’s lab was extracted from human cells, I hypothesize that the optimal temperature for lactase to be in is around 37 degrees Celsius, which is the average human body temperature. The second experiment performed, experiment 7.2, tested the effect of pH on enzymatic activity. Based on what I know about the effect of pH on the enzymatic activity of lactase, if the lactase used in today’s lab was extracted from human cells, I hypothesize that the optimal pH level is 7, which is the average pH level in humans. Experiment 7.3 tests enzymatic specificity. Knowing that lactase is specific for the substrate lactose, lactase will only bind to lactose and not work with the other substrate used in this experiment, maltose. The last experiment of the lab, 7.4, was done to determine the cofactors of the enzyme, lactase. I hypothesize that EDTA, a cofactor inhibitor, will have a negative effect on the reaction and lower the amount of glucose that could possibly be produced if EDTA was not present.…
For this experiment our dependent variable was the paper with yeast on it, and our independent variable was the concentration of Hydrogen Peroxide we put in each solution. We tested the amount of time it took for the peroxide to break down yeast at 3%, 2.25%, 1.5%, .75% and 0% concentration. The fastest reaction time was 1.7 at 3% concentration. We…
statement of problem: in this lab we will determine how enzymes affect the amount of apple juice produced from applesauce we will test pectinase cellulase and a combination of both of of the enzymes and then finally we will use water ( which will be used as the controlled variable).…
The purpose of this experiment is to observe the characteristic flame test colors of different .... Answers 1'0 Post-Lab Questions (Student answers will vary.) 1.…
3. Use your chart from your prelab to estimate the wavelength of the color being produced…
From the data collected in the experiment the hypothesis that was proposed was not supported. The hypothesis was that after the addition of a lower pH, or an increase in temperature the reaction would proceed faster. The results shown from the experiment are in accordance with the principles of enzyme activity. The varying environmental factors tested changes in pH, temperature, and concentrations of the enzyme affected the activity of horseradish peroxidase. The changes in pH decreased the enzyme activity the further it moved away from pH 7, the optimum pH. Changes in the pH first affect the form of the protein, hydrogen bonds between the amino acids of the molecule and progress until the form of the active center of the enzyme.…
In regards to peroxidase, several points can be made about the overall effects of these factors. Factors such as temperature and pH have been shown to have an effect on the performance of enzymes (Vishwanatha, K.S., Food Chemistry. 2: 402-407; 2009). Adjusting the temperature will produce one of two results; if the enzymatic reaction occurs and the enzyme is colder than the optimum temperature, fewer collisions between enzyme and substrate will occur thus reducing the rate of the reaction. On the other hand, if the enzyme has been heated to a higher temperature than the optimum but not high enough to denature the enzyme, more of these collisions will occur and the reaction rate should speed up (Table 2, Graph 2). The second of the common factors is pH. Everything in the world has extremes on each end of the spectrum where the body, cell, etc. stops reacting to its environment. This goes for enzymes as well. If a solution is too basic or too acidic in comparison to the enzymes optimum pH, the enzyme will begin to degrade until it eventually stops reacting all together. It is important that students and biologists understand these and other optimal conditions for enzymes to react in. For the pH aspect of the experiment the group predicted, through reading of the laboratory manual and general knowledge of enzyme properties, that the rate would vary based on both…
The first lab's primary objective is to observe the different reactions rates amongst the five different catalse concentrations of parsnip. The rate at which the enzyme catalyzes increases in relation to the increase of concentration within the test tubes. By increasing the concentration per total volume, the reaction ultimately increases the amount of contents reacting per second while decreasing the overall activation energy. The procedure involves soaking filter papers in the catalase solution and time the reaction as it makes contact with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 (aq).…
In this investigation, you will design an experiment to determine what two factors will increase the rate of the reaction above, and then compare the effectiveness of each factor. It is important that in each investigation you control all other variables that could affect the rate of the reaction.…
6. Record results and observations down on a table. Observe if it changed color, if it changed from…