Turn Up

Ancient Greeks and Roman
Differences
Ancient Greeks | Ancient Romans | * Thrived in the 5th century B.C. * Social systems were divided into five categories: slaves, freedmen, metics, citizens and women. * Women were considered property of their husbands. * Women had no rights, no free will and no citizenship. * Were responsible for incorporating three different architecture styles: Corinthian, Doric and Ionic. * Greek architecture inspired the Romans. * Chose to use statuesque figures honoring the human form. * Used materials like plaster, wood, marble and metals to create their architecture. * Mythological stories from the Greek culture were adopted by the Romans with minor changes to names and certain situations. * Focused on their behavior on the now, never planning on life after death. * Greece was surrounded by mountains and a coastline, for this reason, it was to maintain control of its surrounding areas. * Because of ancient Greece's geography, the city-states that grew in the Mediterranean peninsula became increasingly isolated. * Cities had strict rules forbidding the creation of a Greek empire. * Surrounding city-states were essentially barred from citizenship, meaning no one city-state could become dominant. * The city-states that grew in the Mediterranean peninsula became increasingly isolated. * Survived off of small self-sufficient wheat-producing farms. | * Didn’t thrive for hundreds of years later after Greece. * Society was divided into four different categories: freedmen, slaves, plebeians, and patricians. * Women weren’t treated as lesser individuals. * Women were considered citizens, if they were not born into slavery. * Women eventually gained the right to own land, run businesses, inherit wealth, work a job and make wills. * Women gained a sense of freedom to participate in daily social life. * Women were not able to hold political offices or vote. * Adopted Grecian style however they incorporated arches and aqueducts in their buildings. * Focused more on the actual building design and technique of architecture. * Responsible for the incorporation of concrete as a new building material, something the Greeks never had. * Believed that if they were ideal & model citizens they could become Gods in the afterlife. * Rome was at the geographic center of the Italian peninsula, for this reason, it was easier for Rome to unify the lands and people surrounding them. * When the Roman Empire began to grow, it immediately extended citizenship to conquered peoples. * During the Punic Wars, a fierce and long conflict, people of the Italian peninsula came to identify themselves as Roman. This allegiance to the Roman Empire created a strong basis for the expanding civilization. * Chief exports of the Romans produced wine and olive oil. |

Similarities Greece and Romans | •Both countries are Mediterranean •Socially both societies believed in a hierarchy. •Greeks and the Romans are also historically remembered for their contributions to today’s building architecture •Both Greece and Rome are probably most famous for the mythological stories, which developed from both civilizations The economy of both Greece and Rome was based on agriculture Both Greece and Rome worked mines Both cultures had coinage |