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Transmission of Diseases

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Transmission of Diseases
Menusha Arumugam (K1)

NAME OF DISEASES Malaria

PATHOGENS & VECTORS A parasite called Plasmodium, which is transmitted via the bites of infected mosquitoes There are four types of human malaria: - Plasmodium falciparum - Plasmodium vivax - Plasmodium malariae - Plasmodium ovale Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax are the most common. Plasmodium falciparum is the most deadly.

METHOD OF TRANSMISSION - Through the bites of infected Anopheles mosquitoes - They breed in shallow collections of freshwater like puddles, rice fields, and hoof prints

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS Symptoms appear 7–15 days after the infective mosquito bite : - Fever - Headache - Chills - Vomiting - Anaemia - Bloody stools - Coma - Jaundice - Muscle pain - Nausea - Sweating If not treated within 24 hours, malaria can progress to severe illness often leading to death.

PREVENTION & TREATMENT - Limit outdoor activity between dusk and dawn - Stay in screened or airconditioned rooms - Wear protective clothing (long pants and long-sleeved shirts - Use insect repellent with DEET (N,N diethylmetatoluamide) - Use bed nets (mosquito netting) sprayed with or soaked in an insecticide such as permethrin or deltamethrin - Take medicines called antimalarials to prevent and treat malaria

NAME OF DISEASES Dengue fever

PATHOGENS & VECTORS Dengue virus

METHOD OF TRANSMISSION - Through the bites of infected female Aedes mosquitoes :  Dengue mosquito (Aedes aegypti )  Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) - Via infected blood products and through organ donation

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS Symptoms appear 3 to 14 days after infective bite - Mild fever - High fever - Severe headache - Pain behind the eyes - Muscle and joint pain - Rash - Abdominal pain - Vomiting Dengue hemorrhagic fever - High fever - Bleeding - Low levels of blood platelets - Blood plasma leakage Dengue shock syndrome - Low blood pressure - Temperature drops - Circulatory failure

PREVENTION & TREATMENT - There are no specific
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