Total Hip Replacement

In biomedical applications, bioceramics are commonly used to modify the surface of the metals in exploitation as orthopaedic implants for humans. The diseases such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, bone tumour and trauma are the reasons for joint replacements in population over 50 years of age in developed countries. The Total Hip Replacement (THR) is an excellent alternative for patients suffering from joint failure caused by osteoarthritis. The historical failure of artificial implant restorative procedure has been due to the wear of components with subsequent bone resorption and aseptic loosening that limits the lifespan of implants. Multiple different materials made from stainless steel, cobalt, chromium, titanium, and tantalum have been tested throughout history as replacements for bone.
In the present study, a finite element model of hip implant was designed with standard parameters. The stress distribution and deformation of the designed hip implant was analysed under static conditions by applying different material properties (316L Stainless steel, Titanium, Co-Cr) with and without bioactive ceramic coating hydroxyapatite (HAP). The stress concentrations for the coated hip implant showed 20 -30 % reduction in 316L Stainless steel (SS), 30 % in Titanium alloy and 20 % in cobalt chromium alloy. Among them, Co-Cr alloy gives better reduction in stress distribution and deformation compared to Titanium alloy and 316L Stainless steel (SS). In conclusion, a bioactive coating has tremendous potential for improving bone integration of a wide range of dental and orthopaedic