Preview

Théorie de La Poubelle

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
557 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Théorie de La Poubelle
Les excès de l'Ecole Classique qui est caractérisée par la rationalité absolue, et les insuffisances de l'Ecole des relations humaines ont conduit au développement de nouvelles théories dont l'Ecole de la prise de décision est une illustration. La rationalisation, introduite par Taylor, a permis d'augmenter la production et a, par voie de conséquence, libéré les dirigeants des aspects strictement productifs pour leur permettre de s'investir dans le fonctionnement même de leur industrie, ce qui les a conduit à recourir de plus en plus à la prise de décision. Herber Simon, fondateur de cette école, a considéré la prise de décision comme étant la fonction essentielle des dirigeants.
Michael COHEN, James MARCH et Johan P. OLSEN, sont en quelques sortes les disciples d'Herbert SIMON, ils ont conduit des recherches sur le fonctionnement de plusieurs universités américaines. Ces études ont permis d'introduire deux notions dans la prise de décision :
- le modèle de l'anarchie organisée :
Il caractérise les organisations qui répondront aux 3 critères suivants :
- l'incertitude de leurs préférences : l'organisation fonctionne à partir d'une grande variété de préférence mal définies et peu cohérentes entre elles. (Pas d'objectifs cohérents et partagés)
- une technologie floue : l'entreprise fonctionne avec des procédures non stabilisées et non comprises par ses propres membres, en procédant par tâtonnement, et invente de façon pragmatique sous la pression de la nécessité. Technologie trop difficile à comprendre
- Une participation fluctuante : le degré d'engagement des individus fluctue. Ils participent de façon intermittente aux différentes prises de décision de l'organisation. Ils sont plus ou moins actifs
- le modèle de la poubelle :
Ce modèle est un style de décision que l'on peut trouver au sein des anarchies organisées. Il s'écarte du paradigme de décision comme résolution d'un problème par choix d'une solution adéquate. Dans ces organisations, les processus

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Powerful Essays

    this paper will show. As a normative concept it has contributed to inform a number of…

    • 8493 Words
    • 28 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    The theory outlines five types of decision-making styles. The styles are labeled from AI, AII, CI, CII, and G. AI represents a strongly autocratic styles and G represents a strongly democratic styles. The appropriate style is determined by the answers of diagnostic questions, the structure of the situation, available information, and the importance of the quality of the…

    • 738 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Adele Douglas and J. Kenji Lopez-Alt both start their argumentative piece by defining who their argument is targeted to as well as what they will be arguing. Over the course of the two contrasting papers, they both use similar and contrasting methods to try and convince the reader of their opinion. By doing this, a number of flaws as well as good techniques can be seen in both writings.…

    • 1240 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The decision making style was a consensus where everyone gave their opinions and then came to a conclusion…

    • 690 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Bibliography: 1. Chisholm, Roderick (1973). “The Problem of the Criterion.” In Philosophical inquiry, Adler and Elgin (eds). Indianapolis: Hackett 77-85.…

    • 586 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Lenn Goodman Essay

    • 544 Words
    • 3 Pages

    The purpose of this essay is to tell you what I think about an author name Lenn Goodman, the author of ‘”Some Moral Minima”. In this essay I will explain what Lenn states and argues that there are certain things that are simply wrong. And I will explain if agree with him or not.…

    • 544 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    philosophy 3.2

    • 473 Words
    • 2 Pages

    >>> 5. What is frankfurt's decision inducer thought experiment? How does it attempt to undermine the traditional notion of responsibility?…

    • 473 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Both concepts of rationality and reasonableness indicate a process of reasoning by anticipating and analysing the consequences of their potential actions and establishing a list of preferences, depending on the anticipated consequences. A rational person, having established their list of preferences, will choose the action which will maximise their utility. There are many different variations of rationality which will be outlined later in this essay. In order for a person to be rational their list of preferences must be complete and transitive as well as choosing the preference that maximises their utility. Ulen (1999) 'Consumers have transitive preferences and seek to maximise the utility that they derive from those preferences, subject to various constraints. ' A reasonable person will also analyse the consequences of their actions to create a list of preferences in a similar way to a rational person but they will also consider the welfare of others in their decision and adjust their list of preferences accordingly. In this essay I will look at how a variety of different factors, both direct and indirect will affect a person 's ability to act rationally, reasonably or in some cases both. I will also make a comparison between rationality and reasonableness in people and rational and reasonable corporations.…

    • 3653 Words
    • 15 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    John Marshall

    • 883 Words
    • 4 Pages

    McGill, Sarah. “John Marshall.” John Marshall (2005): 1-2. Master FILE Premier. Web. 12 June 2012.…

    • 883 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Gary Gutting who is the author of the article and a professor of philosophy at the University of Notre Dame, used analytical method to come up with a good reasoning to enable us think about this information, what settles a choice to be free, the more. I would contend that Gary Gutting do not satisfactorily produce enough explanation on what settles a choice to be free. Mere subjective information is not enough to believe Gary Gutting’s viewpoint even though there some senses in what the view point…

    • 1857 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Strategic planning is the overall planning that facilitates the good management of a process by taking employees outside the everyday activities of their organization and provides them actual representation of what they are doing and where they are going. A Strategic planning process includes mission statement, goals for accomplishing mission, approaches for implementing goals, action plans and monitoring and updating of plan. Various models/techniques such as iconic, analog and quantitative are used for different phases of decision-making (Intelligence, design, choice, implementation and monitoring). In addition, for decision making in strategic planning process various types of information and decision support systems are used. Some of them are Decision Support Systems (DSS), Executive Information Systems (EIS), and Business Intelligence Systems (BIS).…

    • 4332 Words
    • 18 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    According to Dunn (1994:330), rationality is a self conscious process of using explicit reasoned arguments to make and defend knowledge claims. The rational model of policy and decision making, although heavily criticized, is the most widely used and/or discussed model. The purpose of this short essay is to explore the reasons. It starts the discussion with the definition of the rational model, and then the rational comprehensive theory, and thereafter the concept of bounded rationality. Just before the conclusion, the paper discusses some criticisms of the rational model.…

    • 2813 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Gestion de Ressource Humaine

    • 7405 Words
    • 30 Pages

    GESTION DES RESSOURCES HUMAINES ET CRÉATION DE VALEUR ORGANISATIONNELLE : CONCEPTS ET OUTILS DE MESURE…

    • 7405 Words
    • 30 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    At first William G. Ouchi aks the question what an organization really is. He refers to different authors, who are answering this question. At first he refers to March and Simon’s (1958) who a taking the aspect in consideration, that an organization “will exist so long as it can offer its members inducements which exceed the contributions it asks of the”.…

    • 875 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    (Collier - Esteban 2007:19; Duska, 1999). It provides a framework on which the organization could be legally governed. With time,…

    • 340 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays