*No Introduction Heading as per APA 6th Edition
10
• The theory of health as expanding consciousness stems from Rogers' theory of unitary human beings.
• The theory of health as expanding consciousness was stimulated by concern for those for whom health as the absence of disease or disability is not possible, (Newman, 2010).
• The theory has progressed to include the health of all persons regardless of the presence or absence of disease, (Newman, 2010).
• The theory asserts that every person in every situation, no matter how disordered and hopeless it may seem, is part of the universal process of expanding …show more content…
However, researchers who tried that approach have concluded that it is inadequate to study the theory. As Newman have advocated in the 1994 edition of her book, Health as Expanding Consciousness, the holistic approach of the hermeneutic dialectic method is consistent with the theory and requires a high level of understanding the theory in praxis research.
Theory Generality (purpose/sub-purpose specificity; concept specificity/generality; definitions broad/narrow scope)
(5)
• The theory has been applied in several different cultures
• It is applicable across the spectrum of nursing care situations.
The concepts in Newman’s theory are broad in scope because they all relate to health. The theory has been applied in several different cultures and is applicable across the spectrum of nursing care situations. This renders her theory generalizable.
Theory Strengths/Weaknesses (hypothesis testing value) (10)
Strengths
• Can be applied in any setting
• “Generates caring interventions”
Weaknesses
• Abstract
• Multi-dimensional
• Qualitative
• Little discussion on …show more content…
How General Is This Theory?
• How specific are the purposes of this theory? To which practice areas do they apply, and when?
• Is this theory specific to nursing? If not, what other disciplines could make use of it, and under what circumstances?
• Is the purpose a justifiable nursing purpose?
• If sub-purposes exist, do they reflect nursing actions?
• How broad are the concepts within the theory?
4. How Accessible Is This Theory?
• Are the concepts broad or narrow?
• How specific or general are the definitions within the theory?
• Are the concepts’ empiric indicators identifiable in experience? Are they within the realm of nursing?
• Do the definitions provided for the concepts adequately reflect their meanings?
• Is a very narrow definition offered for a broad concept? Is a broad meaning supplied for a narrow concept?
• If any new words are coined, are they appropriately defined?
5. How Important Is This Theory?
• Does the theory have the potential to influence nursing actions? If so, to what end? Is that end desirable?
• Is the theory used? Does the theory guide nursing education, research, or practice, or does it affect all three? If so, to what end? Is that end