Preview

Theme of Colonization in Heat of Darkness

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
758 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Theme of Colonization in Heat of Darkness
Theme of colonization in Heat of Darkness

The growth of liberalism and colonialism as social and political forces took place almost simultaneously in the beginning of 19th century. Colonialism is related to the concept of imperialism. The English novelists who are concerned with the problem of colonialism are mainly E.M Forster and Joseph Conrad. Colonialism and imperialism are shaping forces in their novels. Forster's liberalism and his depiction of the colonialism are never introduced in clear and definite outlines in his novels. Conrad, however, is more exact than Forster, in his assessment of the colonial problems in the novel Heart of Darkness.
The Heart of Darkness is a distinguished masterpiece of Joseph Conrad dealing with the colonial problems in Africa. The story is told by Conrad's famous narrator Marlow and, within its positively dense atmosphere of death, decay and the cruelties of imperialistic exploitation, it relates the effect on Marlow of the blackness of Africa.
Marlow gives a vivid picture of the oppression and economic exploitation of the black people by all whites. The company of white men was ruling the Congo. Savages and wild men were victims of them. The behaviors of the white European have been narrated by the novelist with very impressive and effective touches. Conrad is not elaborating situations like Dickens and Thackeray. All the actions and reactions are the outcome of his artistic skill. Hence the novel is very short but every detail is to the point, presenting the accurate picture of white men and the natives.
Marlow did not use the phrase ‘white man's burden' but he expressed this idea very implicitly and was not obtruding or moralizing in the novel. The white man had certain obligations and responsibilities towards uncivilized people whom he subdued physically and mentally. He came with various strategies to govern the country. But his motive should not be humanitarian but helped the savages on moral grounds.
In the novel

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Powerful Essays

    In Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, the main character, Marlow travels through the Congo, witnessing scenes of torture, cruelty and near-slavery. The incidental scenery of the book offers a harsh picture of colonial enterprise. The book is regarded as an attack on imperialism and criticizes the immoral treatments of the European colonizers in Africa in the 19th century. However, the dehumanization of the Africans, and use of Africa as a backdrop setting for Marlow’s thought process, rather than an important focus has to do with hypocrisy inherent in the rhetoric used to justify imperialism.…

    • 1795 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Joseph Conrad 's Heart of Darkness is both a dramatic tale of an arduous trek into the Belgian Congo at the turn of the twentieth century and a symbolic journey into the deepest recesses of human nature. On a literal level, through Marlow 's narration, Conrad provides a searing indictment of European colonial exploitation inflicted upon African natives. By employing several allegoric symbols this account depicts the futility of the European presence in Africa.…

    • 1032 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Marlow, the narrator, while trying to relax underneath a tree, comments harshly on the white worsted around an African American’s neck: “it looked startling around his black neck, this bit of white thread” [...] “Where did he get it?” (Conrad). The opposed colors between the thread and the native’s skin create a shock for Marlow. He does not believe the native is fit to have such a refined “thread from beyond the seas” (Conrad); only Europeans should be privied to objects as fine as the worsted. This self-aggrandizement shadows the obvious problems at the Company Station which Marlow has no desire and initiative to solve. The lives of the African American “criminals” does not need to be harsh, yet without Marlow realizing that the natives and himself and equals, he puts them in harm's way. Conrad also uses ill-omened imagery of a tree in Marlow’s stop to criticize European’s, Marlow’s in particular, self-aggrandizement. This tree is where all of the African Americans come to rest from disease and eventually die. Conrad describes it as a “gloomy circle of some Inferno” where “bundles of acute angles sat with their legs drawn up” with “ attitudes of pain, abandonment and despair.” The natives “were nothing earthly now--nothing but black shadows of disease and starvation.” This ominous imagery creates a sense of apprehension for the reader and for Marlow who becomes…

    • 940 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    The iniquity of the hearts of men precipitates the moral and social depravity of the entire population. In Heart of Darkness, by Joseph Conrad, Marlow finds that barbarism and savagery are universal among nations, and that the common man is able to be influenced by the slightest of impulses. The distinctive evil that roams Europe soon pervades newly discovered Africa and allows the darkness to fill the land. The European colonizers brought not only civilization and enlightenment to the land of the Congo, but also savagery and utter corruption. Throughout his journey, Marlow learns of the darkness of human kind, their hearts, and their minds through…

    • 765 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    After setting foot on the land and beginning his journey to the Inner Station, Marlow observes a group of slaves, from which a particular one stands out in his decimated clothing and deprived appearance. Marlow, in vain, offers the slave a biscuit immediately before they die of hunger right before his eyes (28). This simple encounter echoes the irrefutable damages caused by imperialism and the idea that no matter what anyone does to try and reverse the effects, including Europeans themselves, the damage that has been done has been set in stone for centuries to come. As noted in Edward Said’s essay critiquing Heart of Darkness, “Conrad… could clearly see… imperialism was pure dominance, [but] he could not conclude that imperialism had to end so that natives could lead lives free of European domination” (Said par. 18). This quote unequivocally supports the notion that Europe became a necessary crutch for Africa, and provides evidence for the transformation of darkness to convey the idea of the long-lasting effects of…

    • 994 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad is regarded as one of the most superlative novels of English literature written in the twentieth century. However, the ideas and notions presented by Conrad in this story has generated quite a bit of controversy among academic scholars and literature experts who believe the novel creates a sense of racial animosity towards the African continent and its people. With further analyzation it can be inferred that this novel does indeed show signs of racial enmity and presents a rather deplorable situation in which one must evaluate if Conrad himself is a racist. Some would argue that his novel was…

    • 997 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    There are various motives for Imperialism attributed to the different characters in Joseph Conrad’s novel, The Heart of Darkness. Each and every character has their own opinions on the concept of imperialism. While some of them agree with one another, others disagree with one another. Just like Richard Meinertzhagen, Karl Pearson, Joseph Chamberlain, and Cecil Rhodes, they all had their own beliefs in Imperialism that may have contradicted another. In the novel the characters don’t all just complement each other there’s a bit of conflict in their view and opinions on motives for Imperialism.…

    • 947 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    He explains how innocently people make racial comments against the other races, and still regard themselves as none racists. He further informs the reader about men who are known to be friendly but make innocent comments and in the end concludes that their comments renders them “open to the accusation” (Bissoondath, p. 84) thereby making them vulnerable to be considered as racists. In the same manner, Conrad’s use of racial inhumane words through Marlow renders his work sensitive to racial accusations. The Europeans cruelty was seen on the way they overworked the natives, mistreated them, gave them neither food nor proper medical care and left them to die. Marlow mercilessly describes a pair as bundles, “two more bundles of acute angles sat with their legs drawn up […]” (Conrad, p. 28) a position that could be seen as defensive or a way in which they used to keep warm. Marlow also calls one of them a “creature that arose to his hands and knees and went off on all-fours toward the river […]” (Conrad, p. 28). The natives are overworked and underfed and have grown weak to support their human posture. Just because the particular native was unable to walk himself to the river does not guarantee Marlow the right to call him a creature. Also through Marlow’s eyes, they are also seen as shapes when Conrad describes them as “black shapes […], moribund shapes […] that crouched […], clinging to the earth, half coming out, half effaced […]”(Conrad, p. 28). Marlow himself witnessed how miserable and at a point of death this natives were, and having being led to an unknown land, all they could do was to defend their lifeless body from any further attack. It is completely unethical for Marlow to also describe them as “raw matter” (Conrad, p. 25) and their leader as “one of the reclaimed, the product of […]” (Conrad, p. 25) or does it seem correct for him to call them “strings of dusty niggers…

    • 830 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    It is a mystery to Marlow why the slaves refrain from allowing the primitive hedonistic nature of hunger to run its course. In a brief moment he is dazzled by slaves restraint, they are acting more civilized than his colleagues are in the face of danger. Marlow considers this fact to be “…like a ripple on an unfathomable enigma, a mystery greater—when I thought of it—than the curious, inexplicable note of desperate grief in this savage clamour that had swept by us on the river-bank…(Conrad 38). As a ripple alters perception Marlow’s ability to make sense of humanity is in constant transformation. The imperialism of Africa is subject to grand interpretation, for Marlow it near impossible to comprehend. A symbol of the white conquest of Africa is displayed as “the foam on the depths of the sea” (Conrad 38). Moreover, Africa is equally foreign to white people as the depths of the ocean; only the exterior can be discerned. Throughout the story Marlow is constantly challenged by the “unfathomable enigma”(Conrad 38) that is the imperialism of Africa. The madness of…

    • 432 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Conrad's Heart of Darkness, deals with the account of Marlow, a narrator of a journey up the Congo River into the heart of Africa, into the jungle, his ultimate destination. Marlow is commissioned as an ivory agent and is sent to ivory stations along the river. Marlow…

    • 584 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Apocalypse Now Imperialism

    • 1756 Words
    • 8 Pages

    Throughout Heart of Darkness, the reader receives Joseph Conrad’s portrayal of Africa and its people under a remarkably demeaning light. When the author was born in 1857, racial tensions were at a heightened point in history and Conrad used the novel as a vehicle to advance his innately racist views. During the late nineteenth century, Imperialism struck Africa, leaving harmful effects on many of the native people and marking a dark moment in human history. The colonization of Africa, which had significant economic incentives behind it, ultimately led to intensely strained relationships between white Europeans and black natives, especially in Central Africa. Charles Marlow, the protagonist, is regularly confronted with the racism that stained…

    • 1756 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    It is human nature to search for the differences within each other rather than embrace our similarities. This can be seen through many common themes today such as sexism, classism, and especially racism. Individuals have excluded others with these differences, sometimes going as far as to say they were less than human. This detrimental belief leaves little room for understanding and acceptance between cultures. Joseph Conrad’s novel, Heart of Darkness, tells the story of African imperialism while portraying the natives as primitive beings. Critic Paul B. Armstrong writes, “Heart of Darkness is a calculated failure to depict achieved cross-cultural understanding”. By purposely dehumanizing others, Conrad works to justify hash imperialist methods.…

    • 1402 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    For example, when Marlow first arrives in the Congo, he gets off the boat and sees all the natives chained together like animals (Conrad). Marlow thought that he was going to help the natives, but is shocked at how the natives are treated by the Europeans. Later in the story, he is no longer shocked at how they are treated because he has been desensitized to the evil in the jungle. Another key point would be when Marlow is listening to the manager and his uncle discussing and notices the manager's uncle has no hand and refers to his arm as a "flipper" as he points to the jungle (Conrad ). Marlow then realizes that the Europeans are willing to hurt their own kind because of the greed for ivory. In conclusion, he realizes that the only thing everyone cares about is themselves, money, fame, and ivory. All in all, the Congo is full of darkness and causes them to become blind to the truth.…

    • 683 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Heart of Darkness

    • 1004 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Heart of Darkness is not only the title of Joseph Conrad's novella, it is also a main theme. This is portrayed through different images of darkness, black and evil throughout his story. The setting is often used with images of darkness; even as Marlow tells his tale, it is night. This ‘darkness' is inside many concepts of the novella such as Africa, women, black people, maps, the ivory trade corporation and Kurtz. Through these images on his journey, Marlow has a realization about the inner darkness of man, and thus brings out the theme, and title, Heart Of Darkness.…

    • 1004 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    At its time of writing for Blackwood's Magazine (December 1898), Britain was in its last years of Victorian rule. Queen Victoria was actually the niece of King Leopold of Belgium. Britain was the most powerful and influential nation on Earth; its Empire spread throughout Europe, Asia and Africa. Joseph Conrad, born in the Ukraine in 1857, as Jozef Teodor Konrad Korzeniowski, as the author, was an outsider looking out. Neither British nor African, he seemed to be the perfect candidate for writing about two countries he had knowledge of - England and the Congo.…

    • 831 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays

Related Topics