On the darker side of combinatorial evolution are horrific events such as the Oklahoma City bombing attack of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building on April 19, 1995. Convicted for the bombing attack was Timothy McVeigh and co-conspirator, Terry Nichols.
The combinatorial evolution, including technology and science, consists of many elements that were developed over time and converged on this one disastrous and fatalistic day. Similar to the 9/11 attacks that Nieto-Gomez describes as “the product of thousands of years of innovation in a radical, deadly, and novel way” (p. 2). According to Lou and Dan Herbeck’s American Terrorist, McVeigh and Nichols used deadly combinations of chemicals and everyday elements like fertilizer to create a bomb and blast attack that killed 168 people, injured over 600 and destroyed several buildings and structures. For …show more content…
Therefore, emergency managers should take heed of the principles, namely to be collaborative, comprehensive and innovative. For emergency managers, one of the most important tools and critical starting point is the Emergency Operations Plan (EOP). The development of the EOP calls for the integration of public and private sector entities to assess and evaluate the capabilities and vulnerabilities of a community and to develop measures to reduce the negative impacts of threats and hazards and overall, to improve