The Origins Of The Anglo-Norman Subjugation Of Ireland In 1169

In this essay, I will outline the historic events and review the archaeology of the Anglo-Norman subjugation of Ireland in 1169. Primarily, I will analyse the pivotal events that led to the introduction of the Normans in Ireland and analyse the expansion of the Anglo-Norman colony in Ireland. In addition, I will explore the fundamental archaeological evidence from the Anglo-Norman era.
The Anglo Normans were descendants of Norsemen who had established settlements on the banks of the Seine in France during the tenth century . The territory they occupied became known as Normandy and them in time were recognized as Normans. In 1066, the Duke of Normandy Willian the Conqueror put forth his claim to the English throne. Accordingly, he invaded
After MacMurrough’s banishment from Ireland, he sought a meeting with Henry the 2nd to gain support for his quest to retake his kingdom. Notably, Henry the 2nd refused to aid the Gaelic Lord. The King’s decision was based on several reasonings. The newfound King’s hold over the country was still weak and therefore the King was reluctant to start an extensive war. Nevertheless, in order to reform the Church, King Henry the 2nd was given permission by the Pope to claim Ireland as part of his kingdom. Significantly, the King gave permission to the populace to join accompany MacMurrough to Ireland for the purpose of recovering his territory. Henceforth, MacMurrough returned to Bristol, bitter in his determination to find willing volunteers for his quest. Significantly, MacMurrough failed to gain public favour with his royal permission to enlist. However, MacMurrough was approached by Richard de Claire, earl of Striguil and erstwhile, earl of Pembroke. Notably, today he is universally known as Strongbow. It was agreed that in 1168, the Anglo- Norman would come to Ireland to re-instate Dermot’s position in Leinster . In return for Strongbow’s loyalty and submission, he was granted Aoife’s hand in marriage and thus succeed to Leinster following Dermots death. In addition, MacMurrough sought to meet Rhys ap Griffith, the Welsh Prince of South Wales. Remarkably, it was rumoured the Welsh Prince had Robert FitzStephen
With his return, the Gaelic chieftain recaptured Wexford and subsequently, waited the arrival of Strongbow. It is proposed that following MacMurrough’s success of regaining Wexford and allegiance in Dublin, a treaty was signed between MacMurroguh and Rory O’Connor. It is believed the treaty restored MacMurrough as king of Leinster provided that he regarded O’Connor as the high king. However, MacMurrough enlisted the help of Strongbow in 1170. Arguably, MacMorroughs motives were unquestionably. Consequently, Strongbow landed in Waterford in 1170 accompanied by 1000 knights. The Normans captured the city of Waterford thus breaking the treaty with O’Connor. Unquestionably, for the potent role Strongbow played in MacMurrough’s rise to success, Richard de Clare Married Aoife, consolidating his relationship with MacMurrough and his claim to Leinster’s hrone. In addition, Dermot and Strongbow reaffirmed the submission of Dublin and consequently, drove out its Norse ruler, Asgall and established an Anglo- Norman garrison. Historians have vigorously tried to find an explanation for the Normans success and of the failure of those who had humiliated and alienated Dermot MacMurrough in 1166 to offer resistance against them