Virginia M. Axline (1911-1988) was an American psychologist. She was a student of Carl Rogers (1942), who is the founder of non-directive therapy and today referred as person- centred therapy. Axline developed non-directive play therapy, which applied Carl R Roger’s person-centred therapy principle in play therapy. It based on theory that the child’s behaviours is constantly caused by drive for self-realization. In Axline’s books, Dibs in Search of Self (1964) and Play Therapy (1947), she demonstrated different cases of using play therapy. In summary of non-directive play therapy, child chooses the theme, content and the process of the play and the therapist follows and does not make any decision for the child. The objectives of the non-directive play therapy are promoting children’s self-awareness and self-direction. The Eight basic principles by Axline (1969), can serve as a guide for therapeutic contact with children in practice of play therapy:…
Throughout this essay I will illustrate the similarities and differences between the three core theories by looking at the theory behind each concept, the nature of the client/counsellor relationship and the techniques used. The three core theories to be considered here are Humanistic, Psychodynamic and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy.…
Today’s psychology is assembled with a huge variety of techniques, therapies, and approaches based on different models and theories of development and human behavior. When it comes to counseling, it is great to have the proper knowledge of various tools, so that a counselor’s professional behavior allows him or her to be flexible and to apply different techniques based on the individual’s problems and situational needs of every client who is seen. With there being a variety of different techniques, there are two counseling theories that are different, and their effectiveness comes from opposite sides of counseling, but they are very similar in the same way. These approaches are known as the Client-Centered Approach and the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. It is important that good therapists are properly equipped with both concepts and are readily aware on how both of these concepts are used so they can help the client in the best possible way needed.…
as a single treatment approach while others chose to blend things from two or more…
1. Different types of therapy sessions in which an individual may participate in includes speech and language therapist, physiotherapist, occupational therapist.…
The client feels great when the therapist takes him as a unique individual rather than putting him in a labelled box. This approach was proved very important for example in women with eating disorders as these clients are very sensitive to a good rapport with the therapist. On the other hand the non - directive approach might be perceived by the client as a lack of competences of the therapist, it may seem like a friendly chat with no structure rather than actual…
This theory is client lead and focus’s significantly on the counsellor/ client relationship. It is non- directive…
Vossler, A (2010), Chapter 9- Systemic approaches. In Barker, M. Vossler, A and Langdridge, D. Understanding counselling and psychotherapy pg. 191-210. The Open University, Sage Publications, London.…
Vossler, A. (2010). Systemic Approaches. In Barker, M., Langdridge, D. & Vossler, A. (eds). Understanding counselling and Psychotherapy. Sage Publications Ltd: London. Pp…
A) why it is important for a social care worker to seek feedback on performance.…
In general, psychotherapies tend to follow a set of guidelines as described by Persuasion and Healing by Jerome and Julia Frank. For instance, the Franks write, “We shall consider as psychotherapy only those types of influence characterized by: (1) A healing agent (2) A sufferer who seeks relief…
The therapeutic frame refers to the fundamental guidelines within which psychotherapy is conducted. Psychodynamic therapists are especially concerned with formulating the therapeutic frame to create a predictable and safe psychological and physical space for conducting therapy (Howard, 2009). It is imperative to have this space in counselling as it has been proven to optimise the conditions for the client to come to touch with his/her internal world, thus, enabling emergence of the transference relationship (Corsini, Wedding & Dumont, 2008). By establishing the frame with clients, psychotherapists essentially set out a therapeutic contract so that when they or their clients deviate from the so formed contract, they can remain open in thinking out and understanding the deviation.…
The assignment is intended to discuss a case I worked on whilst on my final placement and use an analytic stance to discuss the interaction and interventions used with the service user. In order to maintain confidentiality and anonymity of the service users in this case study I will be using pseudonyms for all people involved and mentioned in relation to this case. The assignment will demonstrate professional judgement, accountability of a social worker and the statutory requirements of protection and intervention when working with vulnerable adults. The case study will focus on my work with Sarah throughout my time on placement and assess my principal interventions as well as locating my work within the wider discourses around risk deploying both recovery and exchange models. It will also highlight the strengths and limitations within the process of recovery. Within this case study I will aim to describe and analyse the practice, theories and values that have emerged by carrying out this piece of work. The assignment will critically evaluate my practice with specific reference to the social work skills used. By reflecting on my practice I hope to demonstrate how I have considered issues such as power imbalances and social injustice and how this consideration has assisted me to work in an anti-oppressive, non-judgemental way with the service user involved. With reference to this particular case study I will also demonstrate to the reader the power imbalance that existed between the professionals in terms of their approach. This was clearly evident in relation to the social model approach versus the medical model approach. Drawing on my observation and the experience of working within an inter-professional team I will provide critical appraisal of the issues and barriers that existed. I will also compare, contrast and evaluate the medical and social model of mental health and mental disorder by referring to appropriate literature and…
Different approaches place emphasis on the relationship i.e. CBT-A sound therapeutic relationship is necessary for effective therapy, but not the focus. Gestalt- How the therapist and the patient experience their relationship is of special concern in Gestalt therapy.…
Virginia Axline, the creator of the non-directive approach in play therapy believed that “this method required the understanding that each child has the capacity to problem solve and act responsibly… [that] this type of therapy is gradual and not something that should be rushed” (Brooke, 2006, p.…