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The First French Settlements 1603 chap
The First French Settlements 1603-1663
Chapter 4

Samuel de Champlain 1604 motivated by wealth
Why the change to colonization?
Establish French interests in North America against competing European powers
Henri IV wanted to regain prestige after the Religious wars in France
After the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 the seas were safe

Acadia

1604 Champlain accompanied Pierre du Gua de Monts as a geographer and cartographer to Acadia

Two Catholic priests, a protestant minister, artisans, carpenters, masons, soldiers, vagabonds and noblemen also made the voyage

De Mont was given exclusive right to trade with the Aboriginals and in return for 60 colonists a year and converting the Aboriginals

Made their habitation quickly at Ile Ste. Croix

Bad winter where half the expedition died

1605 move the settlement to Port Royal where it was better sheltered

1607 Port Royal was abandoned when de Mont’s trading monopoly was revoked

De Monts returned to France and Champlain headed down the St. Lawrence River

1609 Port Royal was reclaimed by France to keep its claim to the fishery and the fur trade

Membertou was the chief of the Mi’kmaq peoples in the area and the grand chief of the seven districts

Membertou welcomed Champlain and helped them to adjust to life in Acadia

It was aboriginal hospitality, but the French saw it as non-resistance

Quebec

Champlain convince Louis XIII that a colony could serve the convert the Aboriginals and give France a trade advantage

Chose Quebec because it was advantageous to trade and was defensible and was uninhabited at the time

Stadacona, Donnacona and the Iroquois were gone

Champlain made a deal with the Montagnais and Algonkian to trade and settle on Montagnais land, but not to have title to the lands

By the end of 1609 only 8 of the original 28 settlers were alive mostly due to scurvy

The English Kirke brothers destroyed Quebec in 1629 and took Champlain to England as a prisoner

He returned in 1632, but the

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