The Difference in Action between Budesonide and Formoterol
Symbicort - Budesonide and Formoterol
Beta2 Agonist, Corticosteroid, Inhalant (Oral)
Formoterol relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by selective action on beta2 receptors with little effect on heart rate. Formoterol has a long-acting effect. Budesonide is a corticosteroid which controls the rate of protein synthesis, depresses the migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes/fibroblasts, and reverses capillary permeability and lysosomal stabilization at the cellular level to prevent or control inflammation. Onset of action: Asthma: 15 minutes; maximum benefit: may take ≥2 weeks
Albuterol
Beta2 Agonist
Adenosine
Diagnostic Agent
Acute vasodilator testing in pulmonary artery hypertension
Antiarrhythmic actions: Slows conduction time through the AV node, interrupting the re-entry pathways through the AV node, restoring normal sinus rhythm
Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy: Adenosine also causes coronary vasodilation and increases blood flow in normal coronary arteries with little to no increase in stenotic coronary arteries; thallium-201 uptake into the stenotic coronary arteries will be less than that of normal coronary arteries revealing areas of insufficient blood flow.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to adenosine or any component of the formulation; second- or third-degree AV block, sick sinus syndrome, or symptomatic bradycardia (except in patients with a functioning artificial pacemaker); use in patients with atrial fibrillation/flutter with underlying Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome (Fuster, 2006); asthma (ACLS, 2010)
In addition to the above, Adenoscan® should be avoided in patients with known or suspected bronchoconstrictive or bronchospastic lung disease.
Acute vasodilator testing in pulmonary artery hypertension (unlabeled use) (Adenoscan®): I.V.: Initial: 50 mcg/kg/minute increased by 50 mcg/kg/minute every 2 minutes to a maximum dose of 500 mcg/kg/minute (Schrader, 1992) or to a maximum dose of 250 mcg/kg/minute (McLaughlin, 2009); acutely
Beta2 Agonist, Corticosteroid, Inhalant (Oral)
Formoterol relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by selective action on beta2 receptors with little effect on heart rate. Formoterol has a long-acting effect. Budesonide is a corticosteroid which controls the rate of protein synthesis, depresses the migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes/fibroblasts, and reverses capillary permeability and lysosomal stabilization at the cellular level to prevent or control inflammation. Onset of action: Asthma: 15 minutes; maximum benefit: may take ≥2 weeks
Albuterol
Beta2 Agonist
Adenosine
Diagnostic Agent
Acute vasodilator testing in pulmonary artery hypertension
Antiarrhythmic actions: Slows conduction time through the AV node, interrupting the re-entry pathways through the AV node, restoring normal sinus rhythm
Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy: Adenosine also causes coronary vasodilation and increases blood flow in normal coronary arteries with little to no increase in stenotic coronary arteries; thallium-201 uptake into the stenotic coronary arteries will be less than that of normal coronary arteries revealing areas of insufficient blood flow.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to adenosine or any component of the formulation; second- or third-degree AV block, sick sinus syndrome, or symptomatic bradycardia (except in patients with a functioning artificial pacemaker); use in patients with atrial fibrillation/flutter with underlying Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome (Fuster, 2006); asthma (ACLS, 2010)
In addition to the above, Adenoscan® should be avoided in patients with known or suspected bronchoconstrictive or bronchospastic lung disease.
Acute vasodilator testing in pulmonary artery hypertension (unlabeled use) (Adenoscan®): I.V.: Initial: 50 mcg/kg/minute increased by 50 mcg/kg/minute every 2 minutes to a maximum dose of 500 mcg/kg/minute (Schrader, 1992) or to a maximum dose of 250 mcg/kg/minute (McLaughlin, 2009); acutely