The Day After 911: Changes of the United States

“The Day after 911: Changes of the United States” The Middle East is one of the birthplaces of human kind’s civilization. Since the Ancient Egypt, Sumer, the Arab Empire, Turkey Empire, or even to present day, the Middle East has always been a valuable strategic point for not only because of its geographic location but also it full of petroleum and nature gas. According the OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) that 66% of the global oil reserves are in the Middle East and only 6% in North America, this makes a lot of powerful countries want to share a pieces of the Middle East, Stephen mentions “Much of the world 's oil wealth exists along the Persian Gulf, with particularly large reserves in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates. About one-quarter of U.S. oil imports come from the Persian Gulf region.” (Zunes.329) Chalmers mentions in his article the “President George W. Bush told the American that the suicidal assassin of September 11, 2001 is civilization 's fight."(Johnson.366) 9/11 changed the United States’ view of domestic and international security; threats from non-state organization had dragged government’s attentions; like al-Qaida. It just likes what Sameul has mentioned that “The great divisions among humankind and the dominating source of conflict will be cultural. Nation states will remain the most powerful actors in world affairs, but the principal conflicts of global politics will occur between nations and groups of different civilizations. The clash of civilizations will dominate global politics. The fault lines between civilizations will be the battle lines of the future.” (Huntington.351) 911 had reminded the United States that "clash of civilizations" should not be underestimated its power! A volatile situation in the Middle East prompted a group of disgruntled Arabs to launch a bold attack, on September 11, 2001 in New York City. The Twin Towers were attacked by two suicide planes. The Pentagon also

Cited: Baker, Peter and Linzer, Dafina. “U.S. policy on ‘Axis of Evil’ Suffer Spate of Setback.” The Washington Post, Aug. 17, 2005, p.A01 Huntington, Sameul. "The Clash of Civilizations." The Aims of Argument: A Text and Reader. 5th ed. Eds. Timothy Crusius and Carolyn Channell. Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2005. 350-354. Johnson, Chalmers. “Blowback.”  The Aims of Argument: A Text and Reader. 5th ed. Eds. Timothy Crusius and Carolyn Channell. Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2005. 365-368. Leffler, Melvyn P.. 2004. “Bush’s Foreign Policy.” Foreign Policy, No.144(Sep./Oct.) , pp.22-28. Zunes, Stephen. "Ten Things to Know about the Middle East." The Aims of Argument: A Text and Reader. 5th ed. Eds. Timothy Crusius and Carolyn Channell. Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2005. 326-332.