The Dangers Of Diving Medicine
http://web.utah.edu/umed/students/clubs/international/presentations/dangers.html
Introduction to Dive Medicine
DIVING MEDICINE
Diving Medicine is a growing medical speciality that focuses on the study, diagnosis and treatment of illnesses related to changes in pressure and the undersea environment. This area is rapidly expanding its knowledge base as the popularity of diving and undersea exploration continues to explode. A primary focus of diving medicine is to assess individual "Diving Fitness". As more and more people take to the water, there is an increased need to safely prepare or assess ability to dive among patients with various disease states. Particularly, dive physicians must understand how various ENT, Eye, Heart, Pulmonary, …show more content…
Fearsome, big teeth, and unprovoked attacks on swimmers. Sharks, however, have many other interesting features that make them stand out from other denizens of the sea. The main difference from other fishes is that their skeleton is made from cartilage rather than bone. This cartilage makes sharks very flexible, allowing them to twist 360 degrees and whirl around and bite an unsuspecting diver or fisherman.
Sharks don 't have an air bladder, and if they stop swimming they will sink. To overcome this disadvantage, they have very large, oil-filled livers giving them some buoyancy. An advantage of not having a swim bladder is that it gives sharks great vertical mobility allowing them to rapidly move upward in the water column without the development of bends. In addition, their pectoral fins act as glide-planes and provide great lift as the shark …show more content…
Stanley Watson, a scientist at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution located across the pond from the MBL, began using the LAL reagent in his research with marine bacteria. Since no commercial reagent existed, Dr. Watson set up production for his own use. However, word quickly spread that Dr. Watson was sharing excess reagent, not only with other scientists interested in bacterial endotoxin, but also with pharmaceutical companies interested in using LAL as an in-process control for endotoxin contamination. When the demand for LAL outpaced supply, Dr. Watson decided to set up a small company, Associates of Cape Cod, Inc. To reward his efforts, Dr. Watson 's company was granted the first Food and Drug Administration license to manufacture and sell LAL. As the LAL became accepted as a replacement for the rabbit pyrogen test and global demand for the reagent grew, other US companies and one Japanese company were licensed. Today LAL is made in the US, Japan, and China. Commercial LAL is produced in a manner nearly identical to the procedure described by Levin and Bang, albeit on a larger scale. While Levin and Bang used their lysate directly in their experiments, commercial LAL is freeze-dried to give it a longer shelf life and allow for easier
Introduction to Dive Medicine
DIVING MEDICINE
Diving Medicine is a growing medical speciality that focuses on the study, diagnosis and treatment of illnesses related to changes in pressure and the undersea environment. This area is rapidly expanding its knowledge base as the popularity of diving and undersea exploration continues to explode. A primary focus of diving medicine is to assess individual "Diving Fitness". As more and more people take to the water, there is an increased need to safely prepare or assess ability to dive among patients with various disease states. Particularly, dive physicians must understand how various ENT, Eye, Heart, Pulmonary, …show more content…
Fearsome, big teeth, and unprovoked attacks on swimmers. Sharks, however, have many other interesting features that make them stand out from other denizens of the sea. The main difference from other fishes is that their skeleton is made from cartilage rather than bone. This cartilage makes sharks very flexible, allowing them to twist 360 degrees and whirl around and bite an unsuspecting diver or fisherman.
Sharks don 't have an air bladder, and if they stop swimming they will sink. To overcome this disadvantage, they have very large, oil-filled livers giving them some buoyancy. An advantage of not having a swim bladder is that it gives sharks great vertical mobility allowing them to rapidly move upward in the water column without the development of bends. In addition, their pectoral fins act as glide-planes and provide great lift as the shark …show more content…
Stanley Watson, a scientist at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution located across the pond from the MBL, began using the LAL reagent in his research with marine bacteria. Since no commercial reagent existed, Dr. Watson set up production for his own use. However, word quickly spread that Dr. Watson was sharing excess reagent, not only with other scientists interested in bacterial endotoxin, but also with pharmaceutical companies interested in using LAL as an in-process control for endotoxin contamination. When the demand for LAL outpaced supply, Dr. Watson decided to set up a small company, Associates of Cape Cod, Inc. To reward his efforts, Dr. Watson 's company was granted the first Food and Drug Administration license to manufacture and sell LAL. As the LAL became accepted as a replacement for the rabbit pyrogen test and global demand for the reagent grew, other US companies and one Japanese company were licensed. Today LAL is made in the US, Japan, and China. Commercial LAL is produced in a manner nearly identical to the procedure described by Levin and Bang, albeit on a larger scale. While Levin and Bang used their lysate directly in their experiments, commercial LAL is freeze-dried to give it a longer shelf life and allow for easier