Testosterone Research Paper

Testosterone is the most important representative of the male sex hormones collectively called androgens. Using cholesterol as a base, the male gonads (testes) produce between 4 and 10 mg of testosterone per day. Testosterone itself is responsible for three major functions in animals.

1) The development of secondary male sex characteristics also called the androgenic functions of testosterone. Some examples of these characteristics are increased growth of body hair, beard growth, deep voice, increased production of sebaceous glands, development of the penis, aggressiveness, sexual behavior, libido, and the maturation of sperm.

2) Promotion of the protein biosynthesis that are responsible for the highly anabolic characteristics of testosterone.
The primary debate about this class of legal mass-building compounds has revolved around their legality, safety, efficacy, and whether someone taking them could legitimately be considered natural. But there’s certainly more to the equation than just these four elements of contention.

Another justifiable part of the reason controversy has raged in the prohormone debate is the fact that the results one can obtain from taking prohormones varies so drastically. Much of that inconsistency might be attributable to manufacturers if it weren’t for the fact that most of what is really to blame is the term used to describe most prohormones on the market. It’s just far too broad! Enter “ANDRO”.

The term “andro” has been used to represent about 6 or more different chemical compounds of similar structure (4-diol, 4 dione, nor-4-diol, nor-4-dione, 5-diol, 5-dione, etc.) But at their heart and soul, these compounds can have dramatically different properties. Some lead to testosterone elevation, some to estrogen elevation. Some stimulate the immune system, while others still cause negative changes in blood lipid levels. With all of the different compounds available, and the relative lack of good scientific data examining and justifying their existence, the prohormone situation has gotten confusing at best, and maddening and impossible at its
Method of transport is a crucial factor among the dozens. For instance, orally administered drugs and nutrients are transferred to the systemic circulation via the portal and/or lymphatic routes, following passage through the mucosal cell of the intestinal wall. This is an accepted scientific fact. The portal route is the main route for compounds precisely because it offers about 500 more times greater blood flow than the lymphatic system to metabolize compounds. This systemic circulation includes penetration through the epithelial