Techniques of Rain Water Harvesting to Increase Ground Water Levels
RAIN WATER HARVESTING AND ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE OF GROUND WATER RAJASTHAN CONTEXT by Dr. S. K. GUPTA
Scientist ‘D’ Central Ground Water Board Western Region, Jaipur
Rain water harvesting and Artificial recharge of ground water
Rainwater harvesting is the technique of collection
and storage of rain water at surface or in subsurface aquifer, before it is lost as surface run off or as
evaporation.
The artificial recharge to ground water is a process by which the ground water reservoir is augmented at a rate exceeding that under natural conditions of replenishment utilizing suitable civil construction techniques.
Identification of Area
•Areas where availability of ground water is inadequate in lean months. •Areas where groundwater levels are declining on regular basis. •Areas where salinity ingress is taking place.
Basic requirements for artificial recharge of ground water are:
• Availability of non-committed surplus monsoon run off in space and time. • Identification of suitable hydrogeological environment and sites for creating sub-surface reservoir through cost-effective artificial recharge techniques.
Scientific Inputs
Hydrometeorological Studies
Hydrological Studies Soil Infiltration Studies
Hydrogeological Studies
Geophysical Studies Chemical Quality of Source Water
Assessment of sub-surface storage space for artificial recharge of ground water
The sub surface storage space for artificial recharge in terms of volume of water which can be accommodated is estimated by taking into account the area of potential zone, depth to water below 3 m ground level and specific yield of the formation.
RAINFALL
• 149 TO 1141MM • DECREASES NW • ERRATIC • DROUGHTS
Artificial Recharge Techniques
Similar to the variations in hydrogeological frame work, the artificial recharge techniques too vary widely. The artificial recharge techniques can be broadly categorised as follows:
A. Direct surface techniques
•
• • • • Flooding Basins or percolation
Scientist ‘D’ Central Ground Water Board Western Region, Jaipur
Rain water harvesting and Artificial recharge of ground water
Rainwater harvesting is the technique of collection
and storage of rain water at surface or in subsurface aquifer, before it is lost as surface run off or as
evaporation.
The artificial recharge to ground water is a process by which the ground water reservoir is augmented at a rate exceeding that under natural conditions of replenishment utilizing suitable civil construction techniques.
Identification of Area
•Areas where availability of ground water is inadequate in lean months. •Areas where groundwater levels are declining on regular basis. •Areas where salinity ingress is taking place.
Basic requirements for artificial recharge of ground water are:
• Availability of non-committed surplus monsoon run off in space and time. • Identification of suitable hydrogeological environment and sites for creating sub-surface reservoir through cost-effective artificial recharge techniques.
Scientific Inputs
Hydrometeorological Studies
Hydrological Studies Soil Infiltration Studies
Hydrogeological Studies
Geophysical Studies Chemical Quality of Source Water
Assessment of sub-surface storage space for artificial recharge of ground water
The sub surface storage space for artificial recharge in terms of volume of water which can be accommodated is estimated by taking into account the area of potential zone, depth to water below 3 m ground level and specific yield of the formation.
RAINFALL
• 149 TO 1141MM • DECREASES NW • ERRATIC • DROUGHTS
Artificial Recharge Techniques
Similar to the variations in hydrogeological frame work, the artificial recharge techniques too vary widely. The artificial recharge techniques can be broadly categorised as follows:
A. Direct surface techniques
•
• • • • Flooding Basins or percolation