Syllogism: Traditional Logic and Middle Term
Categorical Syllogism
I. Definition II. Three categorical propositions III. General Rules 1) Number of terms in the syllogism. 2) How to determine the three terms in the syllogism. 3) Distribution of the major and minor terms in the syllogism. 4) Distribution of the major and minor terms in the syllogism. 5) The quality of the premises. 6) The quality of the premises. 7) The quality of the premises. 8) The quantity of the premises. 9) The quantity of the premises. IV. Figure 1) SUB-PRE (Subject-predicate) 2) PRE-PRE (Predicate-predicate) 3) SUB-SUB (Subject-subject) 4) PRE-SUB (Predicate-subject) V. Moods 1) SUB-PRE (AA, AI, EA, EI) (AAA) 2) PRE-PRE (AE, AO,EA, EI) (AEE) 3) SUB-SUB (AA, AI, EA, EI, IA, OA) (AAI) 4) PRE-SUB (AA, AE, EA, EI, IA) (EAO)
Categorical Syllogism
I. Definition
Syllogism is a mediate inference because the agreement or disagreement between two ideas or propositions is known through the mediation of a third idea or proposition. It is a process of reasoning or inference where one can determine the agreement or disagreement between two ideas with the third idea and from which deductively/inductively form a conclusion.
II. Three categorical propositions
1) Major Premise- is the predicate of the conclusion and is also found in the major premise.. 2) Minor Premise- is the subject of the conclusion and appear in the minor premise. 3) Conclusion- is the third statement in the syllogism and usually introduced therefore. Example: Animals are corporeal. (major premise) Dogs are animals. (minor premise) Therefore, Dogs are corporeal. (conclusion)
III. General Rules
1) There must be only three terms in the syllogism; the major, middle, and minor terms. Violation of this is called fallacy of 4, 5 or 6 terms. Example: All
I. Definition II. Three categorical propositions III. General Rules 1) Number of terms in the syllogism. 2) How to determine the three terms in the syllogism. 3) Distribution of the major and minor terms in the syllogism. 4) Distribution of the major and minor terms in the syllogism. 5) The quality of the premises. 6) The quality of the premises. 7) The quality of the premises. 8) The quantity of the premises. 9) The quantity of the premises. IV. Figure 1) SUB-PRE (Subject-predicate) 2) PRE-PRE (Predicate-predicate) 3) SUB-SUB (Subject-subject) 4) PRE-SUB (Predicate-subject) V. Moods 1) SUB-PRE (AA, AI, EA, EI) (AAA) 2) PRE-PRE (AE, AO,EA, EI) (AEE) 3) SUB-SUB (AA, AI, EA, EI, IA, OA) (AAI) 4) PRE-SUB (AA, AE, EA, EI, IA) (EAO)
Categorical Syllogism
I. Definition
Syllogism is a mediate inference because the agreement or disagreement between two ideas or propositions is known through the mediation of a third idea or proposition. It is a process of reasoning or inference where one can determine the agreement or disagreement between two ideas with the third idea and from which deductively/inductively form a conclusion.
II. Three categorical propositions
1) Major Premise- is the predicate of the conclusion and is also found in the major premise.. 2) Minor Premise- is the subject of the conclusion and appear in the minor premise. 3) Conclusion- is the third statement in the syllogism and usually introduced therefore. Example: Animals are corporeal. (major premise) Dogs are animals. (minor premise) Therefore, Dogs are corporeal. (conclusion)
III. General Rules
1) There must be only three terms in the syllogism; the major, middle, and minor terms. Violation of this is called fallacy of 4, 5 or 6 terms. Example: All
References: Bauzon, Priciliano (2002) Logic for Filipinos. 2nd ed. Mandaluyong City: National Bookstore. (ASL, 160, B328, 2002) Copi, Irving M Hurley, Patrick. (2000) A Concise Introduction to Logic. 7th ed. USA: Wadsworth. (ASL, 160, H939, 2000) Meer, Thelma Q Nery, Ma. Imelda Pastrana Nabor. (2003) Logic with Ethics and Values Education. Quezon City: Katha Pub. Co. Inc. (ASL, 160, N359, 2003) Olaguer, Raymundo Julio et al