Swiss Cheese Model Case Study

Doubtlessly, aviation safety is one of the significant concern to the industry and has caught everyone eyes on it because of the high accidental rates in recent years. The high accidental rates might be lead by the human errors, which are including the person approach and the system approach(Reason, 2000). However, there are some causation models, such as James Reason's model, which known as the Swiss Cheese Model, provides ascent to quite distinct philosophies of error management(Reason, 2000). Besides, there are some assets are found by the comparison among the Reason model and other models and has brought out overzealous implementations(School of Aviation, 2011). The contributions this model has made to the aviation community will be scrutinised
As a matter of fact that it constrains investigators to notice the latent failure within the causal sequence of events(Carson, 2000). As their name recommends, latent failures, are not at all like their active counterparts, may lie delitescent or unperceivable for quite a long period until one day they unfavorably influence the unsuspecting aircrew(Shappell & Wiegmann, 2000). On this account, the researchers may even overlook them with the best volition. Reason, therefore, elucidated three more levels which are about human failures within the above perception of latent failures(Reason, Hollnagel & Paries, 2006). One of those is the situation of the aircrew is implicated since it modifies performance which known as 'Preconditions for Unsafe Acts' including conditions such as mental fatigue, coordination practices and poor communication. Also, it often classified as crew resource management (CRM)(Shappell & Wiegmann, 2000). Apart from that, the model presents a conformation to scrutinise and analyse historical accident and safety data. In addition, it would enhance the human factor accident data's general quality and accessibility(Shappell & Wiegmann, 2000). As a result, human performance will be elevated, accident and incident and injury rates will be declined because of using the Reason model to determine where risks have appeared and execute procedures to balk these hazards by an
The SCHELL model is a widened version of the SHEL model which is used by ICAO to express the human factors' main sections. Besides, SCHELL stands for software(the rules, the procedures), culture(the national culture affecting interactions), hardware(the equipment and tools that are used) , environment(the environmental conditions like weather), liveware(the human pilot) and liveware(other humans who are inside or outside the aircraft)(CASA, 2012). The SCHELL model accentuate the interrelationships between each and all of the above elements. Any mismatch between two or more sections, human performance issues will be caused(CASA, 2012). However, the Reason model is a simplified expression of an accident which is easier to understand the vital components(CASA, 2012). Also, the Reason model can be used for different purposes, such as use for communication, analysis and measurements which shows that it can displace much more perspectives on an accidents than the SCHELL model(Reason, Hollnagel & Paries, 2006). Furthermore, as a mean of communication, the Reason model produce a method to consider how accidents happen, which similar to the heuristic illustrative framework, in order to represent as a specific accident model and furnish more information about the cases(Reason, Hollnagel & Paries, 2006). Nevertheless, the SCHELL model does not provide as informative as the Reason model, and