Summary of Collaboration and Collective Intelligence
Summary of Collaboration and Collective intelligence
According to Howard Rheingold in his essay Collaboration and Collective intelligence, collaboration and collective intelligence are applied to many fields of life and play a more and more important role in modern society. Howard Rheingold first paraphrases the differences between networking, coordination, cooperation and collaboration in the article written by Arthur Himmelman who made a particular distinction among these four terms in his article. Following this, the author presents several cases of application of collective intelligence to illustrate that collective intelligence has various types. Although sometimes it cannot solve the problem existing in realistic world, the author considers collaboration an important and efficient way to work out many difficulties. Research shows that under certain conditions, groups using collaboration technologies such as group support systems (GSS) can gain substantial improvements in the effectiveness and efficiency of their work processes. GSS, however, have been slow to develop self-sustaining communities of users in the workplace.( Kolfschoten, et al., 2012)Moreover, he acknowledges the great power of crowdsourcing which was given by Jeff Howe wrote in Wired magazine. In the end, Howard Rheingold says that the business world also began to attach great importance to crowdsourcing, giving examples of successfully applying the collective intelligence to solve companies’ difficulties .
Reference
Kolfschoten, Gwendolyn L.Niederman, Fred Briggs, Robert O.de Vreede, Gert-Jan. (2012) Facilitation Roles and Responsibilities for Sustained Collaboration Support in Organizations. Journal of Management Information Systems. Spring2012, Vol. 28 Issue 4, p129-162. 34p. 5 Charts, 1
According to Howard Rheingold in his essay Collaboration and Collective intelligence, collaboration and collective intelligence are applied to many fields of life and play a more and more important role in modern society. Howard Rheingold first paraphrases the differences between networking, coordination, cooperation and collaboration in the article written by Arthur Himmelman who made a particular distinction among these four terms in his article. Following this, the author presents several cases of application of collective intelligence to illustrate that collective intelligence has various types. Although sometimes it cannot solve the problem existing in realistic world, the author considers collaboration an important and efficient way to work out many difficulties. Research shows that under certain conditions, groups using collaboration technologies such as group support systems (GSS) can gain substantial improvements in the effectiveness and efficiency of their work processes. GSS, however, have been slow to develop self-sustaining communities of users in the workplace.( Kolfschoten, et al., 2012)Moreover, he acknowledges the great power of crowdsourcing which was given by Jeff Howe wrote in Wired magazine. In the end, Howard Rheingold says that the business world also began to attach great importance to crowdsourcing, giving examples of successfully applying the collective intelligence to solve companies’ difficulties .
Reference
Kolfschoten, Gwendolyn L.Niederman, Fred Briggs, Robert O.de Vreede, Gert-Jan. (2012) Facilitation Roles and Responsibilities for Sustained Collaboration Support in Organizations. Journal of Management Information Systems. Spring2012, Vol. 28 Issue 4, p129-162. 34p. 5 Charts, 1