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The Monroe doctrine was essentially intended to prevent the Western Hemisphere off-limits to European colonization. European powers would attempt to restore Spain's former colonies, attempts would be viewed as a hostile act against the U.S
Second Continental Congress intercolonial assembly that met in Philadelphia on May 10, 1775; all thirteen colonies were represented; still wanted to just get British acts repealed and wrote new appeals to British people and king, but raised money to create an army and navy
Articles of Confederation Adopted in 1777 during the Revolutionary War, the Articles established the United States of America. The Articles granted limited powers to the central government, reserving most powers for the states. The result was a poorly defined national state that couldn't govern the country's finances or maintain stability. The Constitution replaced them in 1789
Battles of Lexington and Concord The battles of Lexington and Concord initiated the Revolutionary War between the American colonists and the British. British governor Thomas Gage sent troops to Concord to stop the colonists who were loading arms. The next day, on April 19, 1775, the first shots were fired in Lexington, starting the war. The battles resulted in a British retreat to Boston
Thomas Paine wrote Common Sense in 1776; helped American public recognize the need to separate from the crown
Lexington and Concord the first battle of the Revolutionary War in April 1775; twenty thousand musket-bearing "Minute Men" swarmed around Boston, thehre to coop up the outnumbered British
Yorktown where Cornwallis was forced to surrender his entire force of seven thousand men on October 19, 1781 to Washington and de Grasse
Saratoga where Burgoyne was forced to surrender his entire command on Octor 17, 1777 to American general Horatio Gates
Treaty of Paris- 1783 treaty in which British formally recognized the independence of the United States; granted generous boundaries (Mississippi

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