Study Guide
Study guide
Anthropology: The study of Human kind and Human culture
Archaeology: study of ancient cultures through remains: the scientific study of ancient cultures through the examination of their material remains such as buildings, graves, tools, and other artifacts usually dug up from the ground ; to recover information that will increase our understanding of the past
4 main goals: 1. Describe the form of archaeological evidence and its distribution in time and space 2. Determine function of past remains and reconstruct past behavior 3. Define the process of culture to determine how and why culture’s change over time 4. To use archaeological record to understand the meaning of culture in the past and its relevance to the present
Prehistory: Everything before 4,400 B.C. History before written word
History: Past events of a period in time of a people or a place
Big white man theory: Mounds. Theory that big white men built these mounds
Paleoindians: 11,500 years ago. First Indians to cross into the united states during glacial episodes big game hunters
Antiquarianism: Early archaeology, very wealthy, traveled in groups looking for whatever interested them
Stratigraphy: * The branch of geology concerned with the order and relative position of strata and their relationship to the geological time scale. * Principle of original horizontality * The reason layers of earth go horizontal because of gravity * Principle of superposition * The youngest layer is on top, oldest on bottom * Principle of crosscutting relationships
- If you see something cutting into it, it happened after the layer got there * Principle of faunal succession * The fossils in each layer change/ evolve not just Earth time but the time frame of species
Geology: the science that deals with the dynamics and physical history of the earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the physical, chemical, and biological changes
Anthropology: The study of Human kind and Human culture
Archaeology: study of ancient cultures through remains: the scientific study of ancient cultures through the examination of their material remains such as buildings, graves, tools, and other artifacts usually dug up from the ground ; to recover information that will increase our understanding of the past
4 main goals: 1. Describe the form of archaeological evidence and its distribution in time and space 2. Determine function of past remains and reconstruct past behavior 3. Define the process of culture to determine how and why culture’s change over time 4. To use archaeological record to understand the meaning of culture in the past and its relevance to the present
Prehistory: Everything before 4,400 B.C. History before written word
History: Past events of a period in time of a people or a place
Big white man theory: Mounds. Theory that big white men built these mounds
Paleoindians: 11,500 years ago. First Indians to cross into the united states during glacial episodes big game hunters
Antiquarianism: Early archaeology, very wealthy, traveled in groups looking for whatever interested them
Stratigraphy: * The branch of geology concerned with the order and relative position of strata and their relationship to the geological time scale. * Principle of original horizontality * The reason layers of earth go horizontal because of gravity * Principle of superposition * The youngest layer is on top, oldest on bottom * Principle of crosscutting relationships
- If you see something cutting into it, it happened after the layer got there * Principle of faunal succession * The fossils in each layer change/ evolve not just Earth time but the time frame of species
Geology: the science that deals with the dynamics and physical history of the earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the physical, chemical, and biological changes