Sodium: The 11th Element Of Periodic Table Salt

Sodium was first discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1807. This element is the 11th element found on the periodic table; located in group 1 and period 3. Its chemical symbol is Na and it is classified as a metal. Metals, by definition, means that they are elements that are luster, lose electrons very easily, malleable, ductile, and are great conductors of heat and electricity. Sodium is found in group 1 of the periodic table because the electronegativity of sodium is very low. This allows it to form cations by giving an electron to atoms with higher electronegativity, elements such as in the halogen family. The electron configuration of sodium consists of 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, and 3s1. Sodium is soft, but it is malleable and is a shiny metal at room
Sodium chloride is table salt that is commonly used in the food industries as a flavor enhancer and preservative society. Sodium chloride is also used in glass production in society. Salt helps lower the melting points of ice or snow, therefore they are used in cold climates to help get rid of accumulating snow or ice. Sodium chloride is normally made by evaporating the sea water. Sodium chloride is a metal halide, which is made up of 40% of sodium, a metal, and 60% of chlorine, a halogen. It is a white crystalline solid that does not have an odor, but it has a salty taste to it. In addition, sodium chloride is easily soluble in water and it is a good conductor of electricity due to the free movement of the ions when it is in its aqueous state. However, when sodium chloride is in its solid state, they are not a good conductor of electricity. The density of this ionic compound is 2.165g/cm3. The molar mass of NaCl is 58.443 g/mol. Sodium chloride has a melting point of 801oC and its boiling point is 1,465oC. Its vapor pressure is at 865oC is 1mm Hg. Sodium chloride’s solubility is 35.9g/100g water at 25oC. Salt does not undergo combustion. However, the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride will form chlorine gas and metallic sodium. Also, the aqueous solution of sodium chloride will react with aqueous silver nitrate to produce silver chloride. When salt reacts with an acid, there would be a double displacement; for example, sodium chloride will react with sulfuric acid to produce sodium sulfate and hydrogen chloride. Sodium comes in other forms too and some different forms of sodium consist of baking soda, sodium nitrate, and washing