sodium
Sodium
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the chemical element. For the PlayStation Home game, see Sodium (PlayStation Home). For the racehorse, seeSodium (horse).
"Natrium" redirects here. For the town in West Virginia, see Natrium, West Virginia.
Sodium
11Na
Li
↑
Na
↓
K neon ← sodium → magnesium
Sodium in the periodic table
Appearance
silvery white metallic
Spectral lines of sodium
General properties
Name, symbol,number sodium, Na, 11
Pronunciation
/ˈsoʊdiəm/ soh-dee-əm
Element category alkali metal
Group, period,block
1 (alkali metals), 3, s
Standard atomic weight
22.98976928(2)
Electron configuration
[Ne] 3s1
2,8,1
History
Discovery
Humphry Davy (1807)
First isolation
Humphry Davy (1807)
Physical properties
Phase
solid
Density (near r.t.)
0.968 g·cm−3
Liquid density atm.p.
0.927 g·cm−3
Melting point
370.944 K, 97.794 °C, 208.029 °F
Boiling point
1156.090 K, 882.940 °C, 1621.292 °F
Critical point
(extrapolated)
2573 K, 35 MPa
Heat of fusion
2.60 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization
97.42 kJ·mol−1
Molar heat capacity
28.230 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P (Pa)
1
10
100
1 k
10 k
100 k at T (K)
554
617
697
802
946
1153
Atomic properties
Oxidation states
1, −1
(strongly basic oxide)
Electronegativity
0.93 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more)
1st: 495.8 kJ·mol−1
2nd: 4562 kJ·mol−1
3rd: 6910.3 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius
186 pm
Covalent radius
166±9 pm
Van der Waals radius
227 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure body-centered cubic
Magnetic ordering paramagnetic[1] Electrical resistivity
(20 °C) 47.7 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity
142 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion
(25 °C) 71 µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the chemical element. For the PlayStation Home game, see Sodium (PlayStation Home). For the racehorse, seeSodium (horse).
"Natrium" redirects here. For the town in West Virginia, see Natrium, West Virginia.
Sodium
11Na
Li
↑
Na
↓
K neon ← sodium → magnesium
Sodium in the periodic table
Appearance
silvery white metallic
Spectral lines of sodium
General properties
Name, symbol,number sodium, Na, 11
Pronunciation
/ˈsoʊdiəm/ soh-dee-əm
Element category alkali metal
Group, period,block
1 (alkali metals), 3, s
Standard atomic weight
22.98976928(2)
Electron configuration
[Ne] 3s1
2,8,1
History
Discovery
Humphry Davy (1807)
First isolation
Humphry Davy (1807)
Physical properties
Phase
solid
Density (near r.t.)
0.968 g·cm−3
Liquid density atm.p.
0.927 g·cm−3
Melting point
370.944 K, 97.794 °C, 208.029 °F
Boiling point
1156.090 K, 882.940 °C, 1621.292 °F
Critical point
(extrapolated)
2573 K, 35 MPa
Heat of fusion
2.60 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization
97.42 kJ·mol−1
Molar heat capacity
28.230 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P (Pa)
1
10
100
1 k
10 k
100 k at T (K)
554
617
697
802
946
1153
Atomic properties
Oxidation states
1, −1
(strongly basic oxide)
Electronegativity
0.93 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more)
1st: 495.8 kJ·mol−1
2nd: 4562 kJ·mol−1
3rd: 6910.3 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius
186 pm
Covalent radius
166±9 pm
Van der Waals radius
227 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure body-centered cubic
Magnetic ordering paramagnetic[1] Electrical resistivity
(20 °C) 47.7 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity
142 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion
(25 °C) 71 µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of