Sociological Perspective
Chapter 1 - The Sociological Perspective and Research Process:
1. (4) Sociology is the study of man and society that seeks to determine their general characteristics, especially as found in contemporary civilizations.
! A society is a large social group that shares the same geographical territory and is subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations. 2. (3-5) Sociologist C. Wright Mills described sociological reasoning as The Sociological Imagination – The ability to see the relationship between individual experiences and the larger society. It helps us distinguish between personal troubles and social (or Public) issues.
C.Wright Mills
! Power elite – elite who command the resources …show more content…
Bureaucracies are the key to understanding modern society. 3. (5-8) The Importance of a Global Sociological Imagination. The World’s high-income countries are nations with highly industrialized economies; technologically advanced industrial, administrative and service occupations; and relatively high levels of national and personal income. Middle income countries are nations with industrializing economies, particularly in urban areas, and moderate levels of national and personal income.
Low income countries are primarily agrarian nations with little industrialization and low levels of national and personal income. 4. (8-9) The Development of Sociological Thinking did not take hold until the 19th century and the social upheaval brought about by industrialization and urbanization. Industrialization is the process by which societies are transformed form dependence on agriculture and handmade products to an emphasis on manufacturing and related industries. Urbanization is the process by which people move from rural open farms to convoluted cities. 9. (9-14) Early Thinkers: A concern with Social Order and Stability William Thomas (Not in Text Book)
! 4 basic human …show more content…
(22-27) The “Conventional” Research Model 1. Select topic
! Operational Definition is a precise definition of a term in a hypothesis. 2. Define the research problem 3. Review previous research
! Analyze what others have done before
! Determine where gaps exist and note mistakes to avoid. 4. Formulate hypothesis (if applicable)
! Hypothesis is a statement of the expected relationship between two or more variables. Variable is any concept with measurable traits or characteristics that can change or vary from one person, time, situation, or society to another. o An independent variable is presumed to be the cause of the relationship o The dependent variable is assumed to be caused by the independent variable. 4. Choose Research Method –
! Qualitative or Quantitative
! Survey, participant observation, experiment, unobtrusive measures 5. Collect data
! You must decide what population will be observed or questioned and then carefully select a sample. A sample is the people who are selected form the population to be studied.
! A representative sample is a selection from a larger population that has the characteristics of the
1. (4) Sociology is the study of man and society that seeks to determine their general characteristics, especially as found in contemporary civilizations.
! A society is a large social group that shares the same geographical territory and is subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations. 2. (3-5) Sociologist C. Wright Mills described sociological reasoning as The Sociological Imagination – The ability to see the relationship between individual experiences and the larger society. It helps us distinguish between personal troubles and social (or Public) issues.
C.Wright Mills
! Power elite – elite who command the resources …show more content…
Bureaucracies are the key to understanding modern society. 3. (5-8) The Importance of a Global Sociological Imagination. The World’s high-income countries are nations with highly industrialized economies; technologically advanced industrial, administrative and service occupations; and relatively high levels of national and personal income. Middle income countries are nations with industrializing economies, particularly in urban areas, and moderate levels of national and personal income.
Low income countries are primarily agrarian nations with little industrialization and low levels of national and personal income. 4. (8-9) The Development of Sociological Thinking did not take hold until the 19th century and the social upheaval brought about by industrialization and urbanization. Industrialization is the process by which societies are transformed form dependence on agriculture and handmade products to an emphasis on manufacturing and related industries. Urbanization is the process by which people move from rural open farms to convoluted cities. 9. (9-14) Early Thinkers: A concern with Social Order and Stability William Thomas (Not in Text Book)
! 4 basic human …show more content…
(22-27) The “Conventional” Research Model 1. Select topic
! Operational Definition is a precise definition of a term in a hypothesis. 2. Define the research problem 3. Review previous research
! Analyze what others have done before
! Determine where gaps exist and note mistakes to avoid. 4. Formulate hypothesis (if applicable)
! Hypothesis is a statement of the expected relationship between two or more variables. Variable is any concept with measurable traits or characteristics that can change or vary from one person, time, situation, or society to another. o An independent variable is presumed to be the cause of the relationship o The dependent variable is assumed to be caused by the independent variable. 4. Choose Research Method –
! Qualitative or Quantitative
! Survey, participant observation, experiment, unobtrusive measures 5. Collect data
! You must decide what population will be observed or questioned and then carefully select a sample. A sample is the people who are selected form the population to be studied.
! A representative sample is a selection from a larger population that has the characteristics of the