For PIEER, I read “The Bond” book, and I enjoyed reading chapter 12. I learned many different things from this book such as this statement “With all the calamities in our midst, our choices will affect our children and our children’s children and indeed the world for all time”. In addition, I learned from it, volunteers and donations are the most significant way to help the community and spread the joyful among people. The author expresses selfishness and altruism are the more contagious behavior spread rapidly in small groups. In addition, altruism creates giving a network of pay-it-forward. I believed in this statement, “For every act of kindness or generosity you do for a friend, he pays it forward to his friend and his friends’ friends…
In societies where there are strong social controls, it limits the ability of the criminal to engage in criminal behavior. Without these social controls, the criminal elements will be successful and influence members of the society. Another aspect of the personal crime theory is that people who live in communities that lack the necessary social controls experience strain when they cannot reach the same success as other members of society. The strain that is met by the citizen turns to anger or frustration is alleviated by criminal behavior that gets the person closer to his or her…
1. What are the two things that are important to the success of your relationship?…
Social structure theories view societal, financial, and social arrangements or structures as the primary cause of deviant and criminal behaviors (University of Phoenix, 2013). In other words, the primary cause of crime or deviant behavior can be traced to the less fortunate, or lower class of people. Social structure theories indicate that neighborhoods of lower class individuals suffer from immense strain, stress, frustration, and a kind of disorganized chaos that creates crime (Inchaustegui, n.d.). While this theory definitely has some truths regarding resources and some people’s experiences, certain strains…
From this first component, the greater attachment to a loved one and stronger emotional bonds are to parents or teachers, the less likely individuals are to become involved in delinquent behaviours (Hope & Paat, 2015). Given Justin Bourque’s mother acted as both mother and teacher, the argument can be put forward that the dual role she played in his life aided in the level of strain between them. Travis Hirschi’s second component of his social bonding theory is commitment, to which he states that one is…
The social control theory believes that the community where a person lives, the family, and society either encourages or discourage people to commit illegal actions. According to Mallory, (2007) says, “Fear of punishment, shame or embarrassment and psychological restraints such as conscience are a few reasons why many people choose not to engage in criminal activities.” Healthy relationships with family, with the same beliefs and desires about society committing a criminal, act is the closest connections to organized crime as the members can…
Social process theory, also known as interactionist perspectives, suggest that everyone has the potential to violate the law. Social process theory holds that criminal behavior is learned through interactions with others and the socialization process occurring as the result of group membership is seen as the primary route through which learning is occur. Some of these groups can involve family, peers, work groups, and reference groups. Social process theorist suggest that individuals who have weak stakes in conformity are more likely to be influenced by the social processes and conditional experiences that lead to criminal acts. This specific theory looks at the interactions an individual makes within a group. Social process theory can be incorporated with a juvenile in a broken home, a first time offender serving year plus, or someone simply trying to fit in at school. More so in the pre-adult years, just about every interaction we have with anyone or group can be chalked up to a new learning experience. Some of the different types of social process theory are social…
In criminology it is imperative to consider all aspects as to why people commit crime, and how crime should be handled and prevented. There have been several theories surfacing and explained over the years as criminologists seek the most prevalent solutions to ultimately reduce the rate of crime. Juvenile delinquency, which was once at an all time high in America, is now at a low. However, low remains too high and by implementing early intervention may effectively reduce crime levels. This paper will briefly describe the Strong African American Family program, its effectiveness, explore differential association theory and social bonding and control theory to explain its effectives, and last provide a recommendation of why the program…
Snedker, K. A. and Herting, J. R., 2004-08-14 “Revisiting Hirschi’s Social Control Theory: Examining Changes in Self- reported Delinquent Behavior among Youth” Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association 2010- 04-17 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p110751_index.html…
6). To that end, Colvin concluded that ‘both impersonal and interpersonal coercion are positively related to delinquent involvement” (p. 6). It is evident that the theorist attempted to validate his hypothesis through the application of an empirical study. The deferential coercion theory relates to the parental theory by the present deficits. Parental social bonds, and school social bonds where among the deficits. The differential coercion theory is yet a small branch of the Social Bond Theory and Social Control Theory. In another attempt to validate the theory based on the parental theory, one can examine and analyze the policy implications that follow. For example, Dolu and Büker (2010) explain how parents should “develop a strong social bond to legitimate institutions and especially to the family, children should be disciplined in a consistently non-coercive fashion” (p. 7) in order to retract from criminal behavior. This can be done through training programs. Simply put, criminal behavior can be reduced through consistent, non-coercive controls. This sub-theory relates overall due to the interactions, both personal and interpersonal, relationships individuals have with one or others, much life Social Bond Theory and the attachment, or involvement one has in…
There are many theories in the field of criminology that seek to explain the reasons behind why people commit crimes. Social process theory is one such theory and asserts that criminal behavior is learned through interactions with others (Schmalleger, 2012). There are four types of social process theories including: social learning theory, social control theory, labeling theory, and dramaturgical perspective. This paper will explore two of the theories including social learning theory and social control theory. The paper will discuss social process theory and the history of its development, the theory’s importance to criminology, examples of the theory, and any positives or negatives associated with the theory.…
Collective Efficacy and Crime argues that crime is caused by a lack of ties to a community and/or neighbors (Sampson, Raudenbush, and Earls). I can see how this might happen, in the small community where I grew up everyone knew everyone so if you committed a crime or act of deviance, your parents would find out through the grapevine before you ever made it home. Considering these social ties connecting the community, I can imagine without them, youths would be less likely to be caught and get away with more than those in communities with strong social ties. I can see the perspectives of all of these theories, I just think that Collective Efficacy and Crime has the best argument for why crime happens in the areas without strong social ties. One of the critics of this sub-theory, is that the neighborhoods and communities might be the main reason for crime in these areas. It may be that crime is high in these areas because people who commit crime move to these areas (Francis T. Cullen, Robert Agnew, and Pamela…
In this paper I will examine the social structure theory, along with its definition and how the different types of theories make up the social structure theory. I will also attempt to discuss the strain, culture conflict, and social disorganization theory all of which make up the social conflict theory. I also wish to discuss the video “Tent City, Arizona” and answer the following questions, “How does the video you selected support a social structure theory? What is the primary subject or content of the video? What social issues are raised in the video? What major principles of sociological theory are addressed in the video? What might be some possible ramifications for social policy change?”…
The way individuals learn to interact with society as children tends to predict how they will interact with society and respond to its environments as adults. There are social theories that help the understanding of why individuals choose deviant behaviors and how they progress through life. Social process theories view criminal and deviant criminal behaviors as evolving mechanisms learned through societal interaction. Social development theories view deviant and criminal behaviors as part of a maturation process. Social theories are conclusions that have come about based on the response of individuals to their environments, what they have been taught, what they have learned through their experiences, and how they react to those experiences in society. Social process theories views criminality as s function of people’s interactions with various groups and institutions in society. A person’s behavior is greatly influenced by the positive and negative reinforcements of their behavior. This influence can be referred to as the differential reinforcement theory.…
Social bond theory was created by Travis Hirschi and it is a form of social control theory. Social control theorists are more interested in explaining why someone is not being deviant rather than why they are. In this theory it is expected that deviance will occur at some point. Hirschi's social bond theory explains that deviane is expected to occur because crime is easy to do; you do not need any special skills to commit crimes. Everyone has the same amount of motivation to participate in deviance. Social bond theory is made up of four bonds; attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief. Each bond is a bond to conformity and that keeps individuals from doing deviant behavior. Hirschi argues that the strength of social control a person has is what differentiates people who committ offenses from those who do not.…