Situational Crime Prevention Theory Paper

There are numerous theories throughout time attempting to explain the phenomenon of crime, consequently, there is not a perfect explanation for all crimes (Bohm & Vogel, 2011). The various crimes coupled with the various minds of individuals make it nearly impossible to predict, prevent, as well as apprehend all offenders. The situational crime prevention, as well as routine activity theories created as derivatives of the Chicago School, explain causal factors of crime in the most practical sense, in my opinion.

The works of Ronald Clarke are credited for the formation of the situational crime prevention theory (Bohm & Vogel, 2011). The theory explains the need to reduce opportunities available for individuals wanting to commit crimes, moreover, this theory encourages vigilance to increase the chances of apprehension. In several studies where increased patrols, limitations, as well as structural improvements did prove to have a positive effect on reducing crime rates (Clarke, 1997). The situational crime prevention theory is largely based on the rational choice approach (Cornish & Clarke, 2003).
The routine activity theory was developed by Lawrence E. Cohen along with Marcus Felson in an attempt to explain victimization rates. This theory required structural changes be made by individuals to actively reduce their chances of becoming a victim. The theory identified three factors needed to be present for the successful completion of a crime. The first is a motivated individual wanting to commit a crime. The second is an attainable target available to the potential offender. Finally, a lack of a caretaker of the targeted