In trial the District Court found that the supervisors' behavior was discriminatory harassment sufficiently serious to alter the conditions of her employment and constitute an abusive working environment. The Court further held the City liable because the city failed to properly disseminate the sexual harassment policy to all employees and properly enforce this policy. Also, the supervisors represented the City and city management failed to provide any reviews over this section but allowed the supervisors "unchecked authority". The Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals reversed the decision, finding that the supervisors were harassing Beth Ann outside the scope of their employment, that they were not aided in their actions by the agency relationship, and that the City had no constructive knowledge of the harassment by virtue of its pervasiveness or her immediate supervisor's actual…
Maria Jordan, an officer on the Las Vegas police force, lived directly below Goring and Millers apartment. She heard loud noises in the apartment above her and went up to investigate. Miller opened the door and stated something to the effect that I blew it or I lost it. Miller stated that he did not deserve to be treated nicely. Miller was informed of his Miranda rights and proceeded to volunteer incriminating statements. Miller stated, I lost control and I just picked her up, and Im sorry. I dont want to live anymore. Shoot me (Schmalleger, 2002).…
Also, in allowing yourself to receive gifts, which may fall into the society-of-large hypothesis. Now, receiving innocent gifts today may result in bribes tomorrow. Even though it is not illegal, professional discretion need be applied when it comes to accepting any gifts from public. A cop must be strong and firm in turning down all gifts, small and large, because it can be interpreted in the public mind that the cop could be influenced by gifts over his judgment in the discharge of his obligations. You can explain the store own that it nothing toward him, but it is just not a good idea as an officer to except gifts from the public and that you are just doing your job and that there is no hard feelings and that you really appreciate the nice gesture. For these reasons, the cop must refuse the gifts, and thank the business owner for the…
His night started out with the officer pulling over an older model Pontiac with a broken tail light that had tape over it. The law requires a vehicle to have headlights illuminated one-half hour after sunset. The officer saw the broken taillight, and determined there was a violation of the light law and pulled the driver over. The officer was in his right to pull this vehicle over due to the laws of “every motor vehicle shall be equipped with two (2) red tail lamps and, two (2) red stoplights on the rear of the vehicle. Each lamp and stoplight shall be in good condition and operational.…
Well’s was given a Gamewell key which is also known as a telephone call box. She was also given a first aid book and a “policeman’s badge.” When Mrs. Well’s displayed her badge to be able to ride the trolley cars for free like the rest of her fellow officers, the conductor accused her of misusing her husband’s identity. This was later fixed by giving her the very first “policewomen’s badge number one.” Mrs. Well’s first partner was Officer Leo W Marden. Mr. Marden was the department’s first juvenile officer. Shortly after her being hired the following order was issued. “No young girl can be questioned by a male officer; such work is delegated solely to policewomen, who, by their womanly sympathy and intuition, are able to gain the confidence of their young sisters.” Some of Mrs. Wells’s first duties were to supervise and enforce the laws at places such as dance halls, penny arcades, skating rinks and many other similar places. She also had to interact with female members of the public. Mrs. Wells also participated in the “suppression of unwholesome billboard display, searches for missing people, and the maintenance of general information bureau for women seeking advice on matters within the scope of police…
Dirty Harry(film) tactics – Not following police codes/rules to get evidence/info -- Oppose Miranda Case Decision, falls under exclusionary rule…
The first thing to be considered is the graphology of the text. The police force’s logo being displayed on the right side of the page makes it seem to be of less importance, while increasing the status of the image which is located at the top left of the page. It shows two police offers, one male and one female, both conversing with what appears to be a member of the public; they all seem to be laughing and enjoying themselves, which is the police force’s way of presenting themselves as being friendly and community spirited. The fact that a female police offer is used in this image also suggests that they want to appear to be seen to be fair and to offer equal opportunities for both genders; this raises the issue of equality in employment, primarily in the police force. It is only recently (ie over the last two decades) that women have begun to see equal treatment to their male counterparts in the workplace, and it is still argued that this is not yet the case in many areas. Also linking in with graphology is the sidebar to the right, which lists the different areas of the ‘Appropriate Language Guide’, and ‘Gender’ being listed at the top suggests that it is the most important issue that the police force wants to be seen to be dealing with.…
Your recent article titled, “Boobies bracelet ban struck in Eastern PA” (August 6), detailing the court’s decision struck down the ban on the bracelets that support breast cancer awareness, brought back memories of when I was in high school wearing the same bracelet. I can easily relate to and feel sympathy for the hardship that the girls in this article had to undergo. The article discusses two young girls and their decisions and consequences of being suspended for trying to express themselves and raise awareness for breast cancer by wearing the bracelets. A group of friends and I dealt with the same dilemma in high school when wearing the same arm bands around. Before being told to remove the bracelets we wore them around the school for almost an entire week without any problem, it wasn’t until we refused to remove them that it was made into a big deal. We were told to remove or flip over the bracelets because they were a “distraction” and “vulgar to others”, including faculty and if we did not remove them we would receive in school suspension and we were given just that. The bracelets were designed by a nonprofit Keep a Breast Foundation of Carlsbad, CA, to promote breast cancer awareness among young people. According to the American Cancer Society there are about 232,340 new cases of breast cancer in women this year and of those about 39,620 deaths so far. Simple gestures like the bracelets discussed in the article are only to help raise awareness for those pushing the battle of Breast Cancer, not to be seen as a stirred up controversy. I felt and still feel that removing the bracelets were censuring our ability to express ourselves and raise awareness for the disease that affected two people very close to all of us.…
Source 10, taken from “The Times’ newspaper on 19th November 1910 is an extract from a report covering the events of what eventually became known as “Black Friday”. It presents the view that the police “kept their temper very well’ towards “the ladies who flung themselves against (them)”. It also speaks of how “several police had their helmets knocked off in carrying out their duty” and later mentions that “one was disabled by a kick on the ankle” and another “was cut on the face by a belt” therefore implying that the women who were present on Black Friday were acting violently towards the police, and that any rough handling…
Dress code affects women more than men; Women have to use clothing that covers all the body but the hands and face. For women, this most visibly means wearing a head scarf that covers the hair and ears and is pinned under the chin, though there are many other styles ranging from simply covering the hair to covering the entire face. This is the sense in which veiling exists in Egypt, but the situation is volatile, with a good deal of variety. Many women do not veil at all.…
when police are called on to make quick decisions in difficult circumstances in order to protect…
The case arose when a police officer observed three individuals engaging in conduct which appeared to him, on the basis of training and experience, to be the “casing” of a store for a likely armed robbery; upon approaching the men, identifying himself, and not receiving prompt identification, the officer seized one of the men, (Albanese, J. S. Criminal Justice, 5th edition p.162) patted the exterior of his clothes, and discovered a gun. The Court wrote that the Fourth Amendment was applicable to the situation, applicable “whenever a police officer accosts an individual and restrains his freedom to walk away.” Since the warrant clause is necessarily and practically of no application to the type of on-the-street encounter present in Terry, the question was whether the policeman’s actions were reasonable. The test of reasonableness in this sort of situation is whether the police can point to “specific and articulable facts which, taken together with rational inferences from those facts,” would lead a neutral magistrate on review to conclude that a man of reasonable caution would be warranted in believing that possible criminal behavior was at hand and that both an investigative stop and a “frisk” was required.…
Throughout history there has always been an enormous obstacle for women to overcome in the workplace. Occupational Segregation has continuously acted as a force that impedes on the daily lives of female workers across the world. It not only eliminates several chances for women to capitalize on opportunistic events, but has also denied them of the basic civil rights they are entitled to. Jobs ranging from the military, sports, and even the corporate world have long been dominated by an aura of masculine characteristics. Why is our society structured in such an uncivilized way? Some women may not possess the "supposed" masculine attributes that are sought for in numerous industries, but in all honestly just as many men fail to meet those requirements too. However, over the last few decades the feminist society started to recognize this male weakness and has now taken advantage of opportunities they were previously not permitted to. "Women today constitute 47% of the American labor force very close to half compared with 30% in 1950" (Hyde, Pg. 252). This quote represents a shifting economic pattern where women are finally achieving personal prosperity. While female workers are now more popular than ever in some industries, their status in law enforcement stands as a controversial issue in the public eye. Does occupational segregation currently exist in police work? The truth is that "the occupation has long been dominated by men and closely associated with the stereotypical inexpressive masculinity of Sergeant Friday" (Dubeck, Pg. 126). Although "today's police organizational attitudes are finally beginning to change, once the last bastion of male domination in the workplace, serious problems still remain" (Felperin, Pg. 1).…
Women have struggled since the early 1800s to have a career with law enforcement so one day hope to succeed and be recognized as a valued part of law enforcement just like their male counterparts. Women dealt with lack of respect, sexual harassment, discrimination. These times were very difficult and challenging for female officers not only verbally and emotionally but also because the police department only made uniforms to fit men officers, who made the female officers, look unprofessional and uncomfortable and very hard to do their job, when they could hardly walk in the heavy yet loose-fitting uniforms they wore. "In the past women had two choices: They could wear a very high-waisted, darted pants pattern from the 1970s or they could wear men's pants,"(Garret). These uniforms make a female’s job even more difficult with the extra weight and fabric bunched inside of their uniform, also caused a delay when reaching for their firearm. The uniforms made their job even more dangerous for females than for male officers. This demonstrates an immense example of how fearless women had to be, known that they were an easier target to take advantage of and was more overlooked from citizens.…
Our client Lynette Wilson was recently arrested for robbery. Wilson walked into Freda's Fine Things in Fredericksburg, Virginia. She purchased a silver-studded belt for $40.00 and continued perusing. While perusing Ms. Wilson started to pick up ten bottles of perfume one by one and placed them in her purse. Most of the bottles placed into the purse retail at more than $150 each. The store's undercover security guard, Amare Sitota, watched Wilson as she placed the perfume bottles in her purse. As she started to leave Sitota leaped in Wilson's path and shouted, "Where do you think you are going? Hand over the bag and the perfume." Wilson then took a…
