Preview

Scarlet Letter Operant Conditioning

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1882 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Scarlet Letter Operant Conditioning
AP English Language and Composition (3)
22 January, 2014
Scarlet Letter Essay
The Psychological Aspect of The Scarlet Letter
“Learning is not doing; it is changing what we do” (Skinner, Are Theories of Learning Necessary?). B.F. Skinner believed that behaviorism is a result of development from conditioning. Whatever a person sees continuously occurring in his or her daily lives as children, the person recalls them and alter his or her behavior accordingly. It is evident in The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, when various characters behave and respond to certain stimuli because of a specific type of conditioning Skinner coins as operant conditioning, which is a method of institution through punishments and rewards. Hester Prynne
…show more content…
Roger Chillingworth directs his anger towards, not his wife, but Hester’s lover, Dimmesdale. While Hester accepts the consequences of her actions and dutifully lives in social isolation with her daughter, Pearl, the affair is much more psychologically devastating for Chillingworth. His obsession over taking revenge on the reverend gradually destroys Chillingworth. As a result, this ugly change in personality becomes incarnated in Chillingworth. In the beginning, he is fairly unattractive at the beginning of the novel, with lopsided shoulders and an aged appearance, the pursuit of revenge transforms Chillingworth into a devilish figure. When Dimmesdale dies, the passion in Chillingworth is extinguished, too, leaving him shriveled up. Without either love or revenge to live for, Chillingworth dies shortly after Dimmesdale. Because of Hester’s actions does Chillingworth pursues vengeance towards Dimmesdale by keeping him alive and slowly torturing him through the use poison. From the very beginning when Chillingworth first appears and sees Hester, he is already angered. Skinner 's work drew attention to the responses of the human being that produce the reinforcing or rewarding goal object. Skinner describes behavioral change as a function of response consequences. It is the outcome produced by the action that causes the behavioral change. Due to Hester Prynne’s unlawful act of adultery, Chillingworth gradually changes his behavior from an intellectually respected man, to the epitome of evil in the novel. It is as Skinner

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Satisfactory Essays

    Roger Chillingworth is the evil character in the story The Scarlet Letter. His goal is to harm the man responsible for the scarlet letter on Hester Prynne. Chillingworth obsesses over trying to find the man who had the baby with Prynne. He tracks him down and emotionally tortures him using guilt. Roger Chillingworth drives himself insane from the emotional harm he caused the man. He obsesses over Dimmsdale and torturing him for revenge. Chillingworth wasn’t willing…

    • 272 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Within chapter one of Opening Skinners Book Lauren Slater brings the reader’s attention in through a whirlwind of thoughts, gossip, research, and even an interview with B.F. Skinner’s daughter Julie Skinner Vargas. She begins to report where he came from, whom he fell in love with, and where his life began. Within the walls of Harvard he began to put into place an experiment for rats that would later become a huge advantage into psychology (10). Later, Skinner begins to recall how to train animals with reinforcement. Skinner believed we could train people through the same ways he could train a dog, through obedience and reinforcement (15). This idea seems to be questioned by many. Can we as humans be trained? I do not deny that it is possible,…

    • 391 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Skinner thought classical conditioning was too simple to explain something like the human mind. Skinner went to work to expand on the finding of Thorndike and Watson. Skinner worked to expand Thorndike’s Law of Effect. Skinner eventually coined the word “operant conditioning”. Skinner built a device called “Skinner’s box”. The device consists of a lever connected to a food dispenser, only dispensing when the lever is pressed. He found that the rat will reduce “error” between attempts and goes directly to the lever. The device has reinforced the rat’s behavior. From this experiment, Skinner discovered positive and negative reinforcement. A positive reinforcement means giving a stimuli and a negative reinforcement is taking away a stimuli, along with punishment. Punishment weakens the behavior rather than reinforcement which strengthen the behavior. Positive and negative reinforcement works on punishment too. The Skinner Box also showed that the reinforcement had to be scheduled or else the rats will start giving…

    • 457 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Throughout The Scarlet Letter, the author illustrates Chillingworth’s transformation towards a devilish personality. This transformation is fueled by what becomes Chillingworth’s obsession for revenge through the psychological torture of Reverend Dimmesdale. Furthermore, because Chillingworth has allowed himself to become consumed with his thirst for revenge he himself has committed a sin, and although Hester and Dimmesdale have both sinned, their sin does not carry a similar weight to that of Chillingworth’s sin. Hester and Dimmesdale have sinned against themselves; their sin does not, directly or indirectly, affect those around them. Chillingworth, on the other hand, purposefully torments Dimmesdale and through this torture he externalizes his sin. The sense of the harmful nature about Chillingworth’s sin would be further developed in saying that Hester and Dimmesdale’s was born out of love, Chillingworth’s came from spite. A sin directed to harm someone is certainly more inhumane than a sin that came out of love.…

    • 535 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    (Watson, Pavlov, Skinner) Insert dates!. Another important factor in the behaviourist view of development is reinforcement. By using encouragement in the way of rewards to shape a certain behaviour is an important part in the behaviourist view of development. This allows us to shape the learning of an organism in order for them to develop their behaviour and learning. B.F Skinner is a major name in the field of behaviourist psychology. He is well known for implementing this idea of how behaviour is shaped and conditioned by outside stimuli. Pollard, A. (2002). There is one study in which he carried out which reflects the behaviourist view on development. Skinner presented food to a pigeon at a time in which it presented a certain type of behaviour such as; turning around, pacing the floor or stamping the foot. It was found that when the pigeon was rewarded with the food at these times it showed the same behaviours in order to receive food again. This illustrates perfectly the behaviourist view on development. This being; how, in order to develop certain behaviours there must be outside stimuli in place to encourage us to do so. Behaviourism is a contrast to the idea of constructivism. Whereas behaviourists believe…

    • 1015 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Roger Chillingworth has a strong, well-rooted want for revenge for the crimes the injustices done to him, and he goes to such a magnificent extent to fulfill that revenge that his soul was filled with evil. Chillingworth, who initially was a calm and decent man, consumed by his revenge, had "a kind of fierce thought [that] seized the man" (Hawthorne, 120), that completely controlled all of his actions. This fierceness and determination for evil doings is a very strong sin. This lust for revenge also transformed Chillingworth's natural human nature that "loves more readily than it hates" (Hawthorne, 149) into one of only hatred and…

    • 424 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    In seeking revenge upon Hester Prynne’s lover, Chillingworth changes his name from the previous “Roger Prynne” to “Roger Chillingworth” and also establishes himself as the town’s physician. Ironically, Chillingworth’s change in name symbolizes his lack of human warmth and compassion. By being able to deceive the colony of his true identity, Chillingworth resembles the Devil’s ability to disguise himself in order to tempt someone to perform an evil. He then offers to aid in treating Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale’s mysterious illness and is…

    • 1183 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The Scarlet Letter can easily be audited as early feministic piece of literature. Nathaniel Hawthorne created a story that exemplifies Hester as a strong female character living with her choices, whether they were ethical or unethical (Hawthorne, 52). Hester Prynne is a feminist who refuses to accept the subordinate role of women because she has financial, emotional, and intellectual independence.…

    • 1094 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Dimmesdale was the ‘mistress’ in this story and Roger Chillingworth was the victim. Chillingworth was in a constant state of pain throughout the novel, desperately trying to find out who took his wife and made her an adulterer. Nevertheless, Dimmesdale never gave his identity away as the man that made Chillingsworth into a beast. In a frustrated rage Chillingsworth cries out, “ Though will not reveal his name? [...] he shall be mine!” ( Hawthorne 70-71). Chillingworth’s pride has been hit causing him to reevaluate what he think he’s capable of. His once calm and pleasant personality changed as Chillingworth desperately tries to find the identity of the man that ruined his life. Chillingworth speaks of his former self to Hester Prynne, “Dost thou remember me, Hester, as I was nine years ago? Even then, I was in the autumn of my days, nor was it the early autumn. [...] No life had been more peaceful and innocent than mine; few lives so rich with benefits conferred. Dost thou remember me?” (Hawthorne 156). Once a nice kind man, Chillingworth became a slave to Satan in the eyes of the society. Chillingworth lost his identity while in the search for Dimmesdale's secret. Once again, Dimmesdale selfishly withholding his secret hurt someone around…

    • 741 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Imagine a world in which everyone believes it is in their best interest to suppress their feelings. Most people in the modern world would undoubtedly find this prospect awful and depressing. After all, our phenomenon of instantaneous communication was conceived with the belief that humans desperately want and need to share their emotions and ideas. The widespread popularity of Twitter, Facebook, and other social networking websites seem to affirm this assumption. If one was to compare the Puritan setting of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter with this hypothetical world, they would soon realize the two are eerily similar. The characters and events of The Scarlet Letter reveal that the concealment of guilt, shame, regret, or passion is not natural or healthy for the human body or spirit and can lead to self-torture, the loss of all self-consciousness, and ultimately, destruction.…

    • 783 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    People often overlook obscure details due to a variety of reasons. In The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, symbols are notable and powerful sources of percipience. Throughout the story, the author uses flowers as messengers of hope, love, forgiveness, and other emotions. In the novel, the disparity of wild-flowers and similarities between a rose and Hester show the threat of sin to Puritan ideology.…

    • 641 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Scarlet Letter

    • 922 Words
    • 4 Pages

    In The Scarlet Letter, the majority of the action happens not between characters, but within them. Guilt, passion, love, and hate all play key roles in the development of the novel. “The Sins of the Fathers: Hawthorne’s Psychological Themes,” a critique penned by Frederick C. Crews, explores the inner workings of Hawthorne’s characters. He argues that characters in The Scarlet Letter act not of their own accord, but instead are ruled absolutely by “feelings that [they] neither control nor perfectly understand” (Crews 24), and because they “acted in ignorance of passion’s strength and persistence, …they became its slaves” (Crews 26). Crews attributes the fundamental helplessness of each character to their inability to comprehend their emotions. However, he fails to address a second key element in The Scarlet Letter: that of society. Though emotions play a primary part in Hawthorne’s novel, as Crews asserts, society lies at the root of these emotions, and ultimately, the problems the characters face.…

    • 922 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Keller S Case

    • 875 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Her process of learning was operant conditioning. To learn, Helen Keller was exposed to an stimuli, an object in one hand, and at the same time, to a finger-spelling in the other hand that later she was guided to imitate. At first, she did not found an association between the object in one hand and the meaning that was spelled in her other hand. But one day, the experience was repeated and she started to found a connection between the stimuli and the finger-spelling. That day, Helen found the “meaning”. Each time Keller finished spelling a name correctly, her teacher, Anne Sullivan, gave her a small bit of cake, as a reward. If the girl made a mistake, she got no cake. Soon, Keller stopped making responses that were not reinforced and continued making responses that were. The parallel between Sullivan’s procedure and Skinner’s procedure is clear. According to Skinner, “If you want to strengthen a certain response or behavior pattern, reward it!”.…

    • 875 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    knew that what was done in the past was wrong and that the scarlet A…

    • 569 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    "I experienced a sensation...of burning heat; and as if the letter sere not of red cloth, but red-hot iron." These words in the introduction to The Scarlet Letter describe the letter as an object that contains power. The power left in the little red piece of cloth represents all the emotional toil that was associated with it - guilt, pain, betrayal, and vengeance. Throughout the novel the letter will stir all these emotions, creating an intense psychological drama. Nathaniel Hawthorne attempted to open a window to the human psyche during the novel to show that humans deal with emotional tumult in complex ways.…

    • 759 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays